Ancient Greek

• (4th AD Koine) IPA^(key): /éar/

• (10th AD Byzantine) IPA^(key): /éar/

• (15th AD Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /éaɾ/

Alternative forms

• εἶαρ ‎(eîar)
• ἦαρ ‎(êar)
• ἴαρα ‎(íara)

Noun

ἔαρ • ‎(éar) n ‎(genitive ἔαρος); third declension

1. blood, gore
   • Oppian of Corcyrus, Halieutica 2.616–18

          οἱ μὲν γὰρ ἐπαΐγδην γενύεσσι
     σάρκας ἀφαρπάζουσι καὶ ἀρτιχύτοιο φόνοιο
     θερμὸν ἔαρ λάπτουσιν·

     They rush upon him and rend his flesh with their jaws and lap the warm gore of new-shed blood.

2. juice

Inflection

Etymology 2

From Proto-Hellenic *wéhər, from Proto-Indo-European *wésr̥. Cognates include Latin ver, Persian بهار ‎(bahâr), Sanskrit वसन्त ‎(vasantá) and वसर् ‎(vasar, “morning”), Old Norse vár, Old Armenian գարուն ‎(garun), and Old Church Slavonic вєсна ‎(vesna).

Alternative forms

• εἶαρ ‎(eîar) (Doric, Epic)
• ἦρ ‎(êr) (Doric, Aeolic)

Noun

ἔαρ • ‎(éar) n ‎(genitive ἔαρος); third declension

1. spring
   • Homer, Iliad 6.147

     φύλλα τὰ μέν τ’ ἄνεμος χαμάδις χέει, ἄλλα δέ θ’ ὕλη
     τηλεθόωσα φύει, ἔαρος δ’ ἐπιγίγνεται ὥρη·

     The wind sheds the leaves upon the ground, but the flourishing forest brings them forth, and they follow the season of spring.

   • Homer, Odyssey 19.518

     ὡς δ’ ὅτε Πανδαρέου κούρη, χλωρηῒς ἀηδών,
     καλὸν ἀείδῃσιν ἔαρος νέον ἱσταμένοιο, ...

     As the daughter of Pandareus, the nightingale of the greenwood, beautifully sings when spring is not long begun, ...

   • Hesiod, Works and Days 460
   • Herodotus, Histories 5.31, (compare Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.117, 6.8)
   • Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.56

     πρὸς ἔαρ

   • Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.17

     πρὸς τὸ ἔαρ

   • Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.116

     περὶ τὸ ἔαρ

   • Sophocles, Oedipus the King 1137

     ἐξ ἦρος εἰς Ἀρκτοῦρον

   1. prime, freshness, flower
      • Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae 99.D, (compare Herodotus, Histories 7.162, Aristotle, Rhetoric 1.7.34)
      • Theocritus, Collected Works 13.45

        ἔαρ ὁρᾶν

      • Palatine Anthology 6.242

        γενύων ἔαρ

      • Palatine Anthology 7.12

        ὕπνων ἔαρ

      • Inscriptiones Graecae 511

        Χαρίτων ἔαρ

Inflection

Descendants

• Greek: έαρ ‎(éar)

References

• ἔαρ in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἔαρ in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἔαρ in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἔαρ in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• «ἔαρ» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• «ἔαρ» in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• «ἔαρ» in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (© 2006–2016)
• ἔαρ in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English-Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • spring idem, page 805.