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Definition 2024


U+3057, し
HIRAGANA LETTER SI

[U+3056]
Hiragana
[U+3058]
See also: , , and

Japanese

Stroke order

Syllable

(romaji shi)

  1. The hiragana syllable (shi). Its equivalent in katakana is (shi). It is the twelfth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is (sa-gyō i-dan, row sa, section i).
Derived terms
See also

Etymology 2

Cognate with demonstrative pronoun (so).

Pronoun

(romaji shi)

  1. third person personal pronoun; he, she, it
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 5, poem 904)
      [...] 夕星乃 由布弊尓奈礼婆 伊射祢余登 手乎多豆佐波里 父母毛 表者奈佐我利 三枝之 中尓乎祢牟登 愛久 我可多良倍婆 [...]
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 19, poem 4191)
      鵜河立 取左牟安由能 我波多波 吾等尓可伎无気 念之念婆
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 19, poem 4254)
      [...] 八隅知之 吾大皇 秋花 我色々尓 見賜 明米多麻比 酒見附 榮流今日之 安夜尓貴左 [...]
  2. reflexive pronoun; one, oneself
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 18, poem 4094)
      [...] 八十伴雄乎 麻都呂倍乃 牟気乃麻尓々々 老人毛 女童児毛 我願 心太良比尓 撫賜 治賜婆 [...]
    • c. 935: Tosa Nikki (day 24)
      廿四日。講師、むまのはなむけしにいでませり。ありとあるかみしも、わらはまでゑひしれて、一文字をだにしらぬもの、があしは十文字にふみてぞあそぶ。
    • c. late 10th century: Ochikubo Monogatari (Volume 1)
      あなわかわかしの晝寢や。が身のほど知らぬこそいと心憂けれ」とて、うちあざわらひ給ふ。

Etymology 3

Noun

(romaji shi)

  1. : four
  2. : poem, verse
  3. : death
  4. : teacher, Reverend
  5. : civil service

Etymology 4

Suffix

(romaji -shi)

  1. : city

Etymology 5

Kanji reading

(romaji shi)

On-reading of:

References

  • Fujii, Sadakazu; Keiji Inaga (1989) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 18: Ochikubo Monogatari, Sumiyoshi Monogatari (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 4-00-240018-2
  • Hasegawa, Masaharu; Yūichirō Imanishi, Hiroshi Itō, Hiroshi Yoshioka (1989) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 24: Tosa Nikki, Kagerō Nikki, Murasaki Shikibu Nikki, Sarashina Nikki (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 4-00-240024-7
  • Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Man’yōshū 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 978-4-00-240001-3, published 1999.
  • Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 4: Man’yōshū 4 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 978-4-00-240004-4, published 2003.