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Definition 2025

參考文獻

參考文獻

Chinese

		to reference	literature; research material; document literature; research material; document; data
trad. (參考文獻)		參考	文獻
simp. (参考文献)		参考	文献

Noun

參考文獻

Pronunciation

Mandarin

(Pinyin): cānkǎo wénxiàn

(Zhuyin): ㄘㄢㄎㄠˇ ㄨㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): caam¹ haau² man⁴ hin³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
  - Pinyin: cānkǎo wénxiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄘㄢㄎㄠˇ ㄨㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsankao wenshiann
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰa̠n⁵⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ u̯ən³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: caam¹ haau² man⁴ hin³
  - Yale: chāam háau màhn hin
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsaam¹ haau² man⁴ hin³
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑːm⁵⁵ hɑːu̯³⁵ mɐn²¹ hiːn³³/