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Definition 2024


-st

-st

See also: Appendix:Variations of "st"

English

Suffix

-st

  1. (archaic) Verb suffix for the second-person singular
    • Macbeth
      Thou com'st to use thy tongue.

Etymology 2

Suffix

-st

  1. Marks ordinals written in digits when the final term of the spelled number is "first"
    the 21st century
Coordinate terms
Translations

Etymology 3

-s + -t of excrescent suffixes, with -s sometimes genitive.

Suffix

-st

  1. Excrescent suffix (adding sound but largely not changing the meaning).
Usage notes

When there is a shorter synonymous word (as in amongst/among), the form with -st is generally considered more formal, old-fashioned, affected, or British. However, against is distinct from again, and midst is used in some context distinctly from mid.

Derived terms

Dutch

Etymology 1

The suffix -st consists of two parts: a suffix -t (Proto-Indo-European *-ti) and an inserted -s-. The -s- is the result of a wrong segmentation of stem and suffix of a noun in cases where the stem of the noun ended with -s-. For example: a word like Dutch vorst (frost) could be interpreted as vors+t or as vor+st. This suffix existed already in Gothic (𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃 (ansts), from 𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (unnan)).[1]

Suffix

-st f (plural -sten)

  1. appended to the stem of a verb, this suffix yields a verbal noun; it is similar in function to the Dutch suffix -ing
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Suffix

-st

  1. appended to an adjective this suffix forms the superlative
    vreemd (strange)vreemdst (strangest)

References

  1. A. van Loey, "Schönfeld's Historische Grammatica van het Nederlands", Zutphen, 8. druk, 1970, ISBN 90-03-21170-1; § 167

German

Etymology 1

Suffix

-st

  1. verb suffix for the second-person singular
    Du hast eine Katze. (You have a cat.)

Etymology 2

Suffix

-st

  1. suffix for adverbs indicating a high degree, but not a literal superlative of the adverb

Derived terms

<a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:German_words_suffixed_with_-st'>German words suffixed with -st</a>

Icelandic

Suffix

-st

  1. turns verbs into middle voice verbs

Derived terms

See also

  • Appendix:Icelandic middle voice verbs
  • Category:Icelandic middle voice verbs

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch -ist, -ost, from Proto-Germanic *-istaz, *-ōstaz.

Suffix

-st

  1. -est. Forms the superlative of adjectives.

Derived terms

See Category:Middle Dutch adjective superlative forms.

Related terms

Descendants