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Definition 2024
aler
aler
See also: åler
Malay
Alternative forms
Verb
aler (1927 - 1972, used in the form mangaler)
- Obsolete spelling of alir
Noun
aler (1927 - 1972)
- Obsolete spelling of alir
Middle French
Verb
aler
- Alternative form of aller
Conjugation
- Like Modern French aller, highly irregular.
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of aler
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | aler | estre alé | |||||
| gerund | en alant | Use the gerund of estre followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | alant | ||||||
| past participle | alé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (may be i' before a vowel) | tu | il | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | vays | vas | va | alons | alez | vont |
| imperfect | alois | alois | aloit | alions | aliez | aloient | |
| past historic | alai | alas | ala | alasmes | alastes | alerent | |
| future | iroye, yroie | iras, yras | ira, yra | irons, yrons | irez, yrez | iront, yront | |
| conditional | irois, yrois | irois, yrois | iroit, yroit | irions, yrions | iriez, yriez | iroient, yroient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of estre followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of estre followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the past historic tense of estre followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of estre followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of estre followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie | que tu | qu'il | que nous | que vous | qu'ilz, qu'elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | aille | ailles | aille | alions | aliez | aillent |
| imperfect | alasse | alasses | alast | alassions | alassiez | alassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of estre followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of estre followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | va | — | alons | alez | — | ||
Old French
Alternative forms
- aller (less common)
Etymology
A suppletive verb, with some parts of the paradigm derived from Latin vadō and eō. See modern French aller for more information, particularly on the origin of the all- forms, which may come from a Vulgar Latin alāre (7th century, Reichenau glosses), possibly from Gaulish or from an earlier *amlāre, alteration of ambulāre.
Verb
aler
- to go (move, change place)
- circa 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:
-
Li borgeiz de la vile sont as portes alé
- The inhabitants of the town went to the ports
-
Li borgeiz de la vile sont as portes alé
-
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-als, *-alt are modified to aus, aut. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of aler (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | aler | estre alé | |||||
| gerund | en alant | Use the gerund of estre followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | alant | ||||||
| past participle | alé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | vois, vai | vais, vas | vait, va | alons | alez | vont |
| imperfect | aloie, aleie, aloe, aleve | aloies, aleies, aloes, aleves | aloit, aleit, alot, aleve | aliiens, aliens | aliiez, aliez | aloient, aleient, aloent, alevent | |
| preterite | alai | alas | ala | alames | alastes | alerent | |
| future | irai | iras | ira | irons | iroiz, ireiz, irez | iront | |
| conditional | iroie, ireie | iroies, ireies | iroit, ireit | iriiens, iriens | iriiez, iriez | iroient, ireient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of estre followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of estre followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of estre followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of estre followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of estre followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | voise, aille, alge, auge | voises, ailles, alges, auges | voise, voist, aille, aut, algeṭ, auge | voisiens, voisons, alons, ailliens, aillons, algiens, aljons, augiens, aujons | voisiez, alez, ailliez, algiez, algez, augiez, augez | voisent, aillent, algent, augent |
| imperfect | alasse | alasses | alast | alissons, alissiens | alissoiz, alissez, alissiez | alassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of estre followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of estre followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | vas, va | — | alons | alez | — | ||
Descendants
References
- “Appendix E: Irregular Verbs” in E. Einhorn (1974), Old French: A Concise Handbook, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-09838-6, page 150