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Definition 2024
coudre
coudre
French
Verb
coudre
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like rendre, except that its stem is coud- in only part of the conjugation. Before endings that begin with vowels, the stem cous- (with a /-z-/ sound) is used instead; for example, nous cousons, not *nous coudons.
Conjugation of coudre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | coudre | avoir cousu | |||||
| gerund | en cousant | en ayant cousu | |||||
| present participle | cousant /ku.zɑ̃/ |
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| past participle | cousu /ku.zy/ |
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| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | couds /ku/ |
couds /ku/ |
coud /ku/ |
cousons /ku.zɔ̃/ |
cousez /ku.ze/ |
cousent /kuz/ |
| imperfect | cousais /ku.zɛ/ |
cousais /ku.zɛ/ |
cousait /ku.zɛ/ |
cousions /ku.zjɔ̃/ |
cousiez /ku.zje/ |
cousaient /ku.zɛ/ |
|
| past historic1 | cousis /ku.zi/ |
cousis /ku.zi/ |
cousit /ku.zi/ |
cousîmes /ku.zim/ |
cousîtes /ku.zit/ |
cousirent /ku.ziʁ/ |
|
| future | coudrai /ku.dʁe/ |
coudras /ku.dʁa/ |
coudra /ku.dʁa/ |
coudrons /ku.dʁɔ̃/ |
coudrez /ku.dʁe/ |
coudront /ku.dʁɔ̃/ |
|
| conditional | coudrais /ku.dʁɛ/ |
coudrais /ku.dʁɛ/ |
coudrait /ku.dʁɛ/ |
coudrions /ku.dʁi.jɔ̃/ |
coudriez /ku.dʁi.je/ |
coudraient /ku.dʁɛ/ |
|
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | couse /kuz/ |
couses /kuz/ |
couse /kuz/ |
cousions /ku.zjɔ̃/ |
cousiez /ku.zje/ |
cousent /kuz/ |
| imperfect1 |
cousisse /ku.zis/ |
cousisses /ku.zis/ |
cousît /ku.zi/ |
cousissions /ku.zi.sjɔ̃/ |
cousissiez /ku.zi.sje/ |
cousissent /ku.zis/ |
|
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | couds /ku/ |
— | cousons /ku.zɔ̃/ |
cousez /ku.ze/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Derived terms
Anagrams
Old French
Verb
coudre
- Alternative form of cosdre
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a distinct stressed present stem, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of coudre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | coudre | avoir cousu | |||||
| gerund | en cousant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | cousant | ||||||
| past participle | cousu | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | keus | keus | keust | cousons | cousez | keusent |
| imperfect | cousoie, couseie | cousoies, couseies | cousoit, couseit | cousiiens, cousiens | cousiiez, cousiez | cousoient, couseient | |
| preterite | cousi | cousis | cousié | cousimes | cousistes | cousierent | |
| future | cousdrai | cousdras | cousdra | cousdrons | cousdroiz, cousdreiz, cousdrez | cousdront | |
| conditional | cousdroie, cousdreie | cousdroies, cousdreies | cousdroit, cousdreit | cousdriiens, cousdriens | cousdriiez, cousdriez | cousdroient, cousdreient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | keuse | keuses | keuse | cousons | cousez | keusent |
| imperfect | cousisse | cousisses | cousist | cousissons, cousissiens | cousissoiz, cousissez, cousissiez | cousissent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | keus | — | cousons | cousez | — | ||
References
- “Appendix E: Irregular Verbs” in E. Einhorn (1974), Old French: A Concise Handbook, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-09838-6, page 151