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Definition 2024
estovoir
estovoir
Old French
Alternative forms
Verb
estovoir
- (impersonal) to be necessary
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem estuev distinct from the unstressed stem estov, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of estovoir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | estovoir | avoir esteü | |||||
| gerund | en estovant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | estovant | ||||||
| past participle | esteü | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | — | — | estuet | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | estovoit, estoveit | — | — | — | |
| preterite | — | — | estut | — | — | — | |
| future | — | — | estovra | — | — | — | |
| conditional | — | — | estovroit, estovreit | — | — | — | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | — | — | estuisse, estuist, estuece | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | esteüst | — | — | — | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
Noun
estovoir m (oblique plural estovoirs, nominative singular estovoirs, nominative plural estovoir)