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Definition 2024

tarkhan

tarkhan

See also: Tarkhan

English

Alternative forms

  • Tarkhan

Noun

tarkhan ‎(plural tarkhans)

  1. (historical) An ancient Central Asian title used by various Turkic (Hunnic, Xiongnu, Khazar), Mongolic and Indo-European (Scythian and Tokharian) peoples, especially in the medieval era, and prominently among the successors of the Mongol Empire; it generally conferred exemption from taxation.
    • 2007 May 6, Michael Chabon, “‘Gentlemen of the Road’”, in New York Times:
      The tarkhan, leader of the Khazar army, meets Amram, Zelikman and a green-eyed young person who claims to be Alp, the brother of Filaq.
    • 1980, Manfred Späth, “Beiträge zur 4. Internationalen Konferenz über Altrussische Geschichte. Begunov, "Weisse Rus".”, in (Please provide the title of the work), page 164:
      Already by the time of Genghis Khan, tarkhans were exempt from taxes and various economic services; they later became a privileged estate or class. In the Kazanian society, the tarkhans constituted a privileged, landowning, and conditionally hereditary nobility which was exempted from taxes and most other obligations.

Translations

References

  1. ↑ tarkan in Nişanyan Sözlük (Turkish Etymological Dictionary)
  2. ↑ Leland Liu Rogers: The Golden Summary of Cinggis Qayan: Cinggis Qayan-u Altan Tobc. In: Tunguso-Sibirica, vol. 27, Wiesbaden Harrassowitz , 2009, p.80
  3. ↑ Universität Bonn. Seminar für Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaft Zentralasiens: Zentralasiatische Studien, Vol. 24-26, p.21
  4. ↑ Choi, Han-Woo (2005), Evidences of the affinity of Korean and Turkic (PDF), Korea, Handong University
  5. ↑ Choi, Han-Woo (Oct 2005), A Study of the Ancient Turkic "TARQAN" (PDF), Korea, Handong University
  6. ↑ Ramstedt, G.J., Über den Ursprung der türkischen Sprache, SFAW, 1935, p.87.
  7. ↑ von Gabain, Annemarie: Alttürkische Grammatik 1950; p.48.
  • *dar-, *tara-, *tarka- Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  • Han-Woo Choi, A Study of the Ancient Turkic "TARQAN", Handong University
  • Dimitri Theodoridis in: Lars M. Hoffmann, Anuscha Monchizadeh, Zwischen Polis, Provinz und Peripherie: Beiträge Zur Byzantinischen Geschichte und Kultur, Tarhānīyāt, Otto Harrassowitz, 2005, pp.378
  • Lars M. Hoffmann, Anuscha Monchizadeh, Zwischen Polis, Provinz und Peripherie: Beiträge Zur Byzantinischen Geschichte und Kultur, chapt: Tarhānīyāt, by Dimitri Theodoridis, Otto Harrassowitz, 2005, pp.378. Quote: "Es darf in diesem Zusammenhang nicht außer acht gelassen werden, dass britische Forscher die kühne Behauptung aufgestellt haben, wonach das Wort tarxan und der etruskische Personenname Tarquinus auf ein und dassselbe Etymon zurückzuführen wären." References: (see below)
  1. H. Beveridge, The Mongol title tarkhan, in: Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (1917), p.834:
"And I do not suppose that there can be any doubt that the names Tarchon, Tarquin and Tarkhan are identical."
  1. F. W. Thomas, Tarkhan and Tarquinus, in: Ebenda (1918), pp.122-123; and H. Beveridge, pp.314-316.

Etymology

Of uncertain origin.

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