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Definition 2024
αἴθω
αἴθω
Ancient Greek
Verb
αἴθω • (aíthō) (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Doric)
- (transitive) To ignite, kindle, light
- (rarely intransitive, more commonly in the middle voice) To burn, blaze
- 407 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Aulis 1470–1471
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αἰθέσθω δὲ πῦρ / προχύταις καθαρσίοισι
- let the fire burn for the purifying meal
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αἰθέσθω δὲ πῦρ / προχύταις καθαρσίοισι
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 6.3.19
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οἱ δὲ ἱππεῖς ... ἔκαιον, καὶ οἱ πελτασταὶ ... ἔκαιον πάντα ὅσα καύσιμα ἑώρων, καὶ ἡ στρατιὰ δέ, εἴ τινι παραλειπομένῳ ἐντυγχάνοιεν: ὥστε πᾶσα ἡ χώρα αἴθεσθαι ἐδόκει καὶ τὸ στράτευμα πολὺ εἶναι.
- The horsemen began to set fire, and the light troops burned anything that was flammable, and the army did the same, if they happened upon anything left behind, so that it seemed like the whole country was burning and the army was huge.
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οἱ δὲ ἱππεῖς ... ἔκαιον, καὶ οἱ πελτασταὶ ... ἔκαιον πάντα ὅσα καύσιμα ἑώρων, καὶ ἡ στρατιὰ δέ, εἴ τινι παραλειπομένῳ ἐντυγχάνοιεν: ὥστε πᾶσα ἡ χώρα αἴθεσθαι ἐδόκει καὶ τὸ στράτευμα πολὺ εἶναι.
Usage notes
The Iliad and Odyssey only use forms of the participle αἰθόμενος (aithómenos, “burning”).
Inflection
Present: αἴθω, αἴθομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | αἴθω | αἴθεις | αἴθει | αἴθετον | αἴθετον | αἴθομεν | αἴθετε | αἴθουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | αἴθω | αἴθῃς | αἴθῃ | αἴθητον | αἴθητον | αἴθωμεν | αἴθητε | αἴθωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | αἴθοιμῐ | αἴθοις | αἴθοι | αἴθοιτον | αἰθοίτην | αἴθοιμεν | αἴθοιτε | αἴθοιεν | |||||
imperative | αἶθε | αἰθέτω | αἴθετον | αἰθέτων | αἴθετε | αἰθόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | αἴθομαι | αἴθῃ, αἴθει |
αἴθεται | αἴθεσθον | αἴθεσθον | αἰθόμεθᾰ | αἴθεσθε | αἴθονται | ||||
subjunctive | αἴθωμαι | αἴθῃ | αἴθηται | αἴθησθον | αἴθησθον | αἰθώμεθᾰ | αἴθησθε | αἴθωνται | |||||
optative | αἰθοίμην | αἴθοιο | αἴθοιτο | αἴθοισθον | αἰθοίσθην | αἰθοίμεθᾰ | αἴθοισθε | αἴθοιντο | |||||
imperative | αἴθου | αἰθέσθω | αἴθεσθον | αἰθέσθων | αἴθεσθε | αἰθέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | αἴθειν | αἴθεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | αἴθων | αἰθόμενος | ||||||||||
f | αἴθουσᾰ | αἰθομένη | |||||||||||
n | αἶθον | αἰθόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ᾖθον, ᾐθόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ᾖθον | ᾖθες | ᾖθε(ν) | ᾔθετον | ᾐθέτην | ᾔθομεν | ᾔθετε | ᾖθον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ᾐθόμην | ᾔθου | ᾔθετο | ᾔθεσθον | ᾐθέσθην | ᾐθόμεθᾰ | ᾔθεσθε | ᾔθοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Related terms
- αἰθήρ (aithḗr)
References
- αἴθω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- αἴθω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- «αἴθω» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- «αἴθω» in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- «αἴθω» in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (© 2006–2016)
- αἴθω in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter