Ancient Greek

• (4th AD Koine) IPA^(key): /kárkaros/

• (10th AD Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kárkaros/

• (15th AD Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kárkaɾos/

Adjective

κάρκαρος • ‎(kárkaros) m ‎(feminine κάρκαρα, neuter κάρκαρον); first/second declension

1. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Hesychius defines κάρκαροι ‎(kárkaroi) as δεσμοί ‎(desmoí, “bond”), τραχεῖς ‎(trakheîs, “rough, jagged”), and κάρκαρα ‎(kárkara) as μάνδρα ‎(mándra, “enclosed space”), which agrees well with the attested κάρκαρον ‎(kárkaron, “prison”)
   • Hesychius Κ

References

• «κάρκαρος» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• «κάρκαρος» in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th-12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• LSJ 8th edition
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill