Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Pronoun
σφώ • (sphṓ)
- second person dual personal pronoun: you two, both of you, you both
-
800 BCE – 600 BCE,
Homer,
Iliad 1.335–336-
... οὔ τί μοι ὔμμες ἐπαίτιοι ἀλλ᾽ Ἀγαμέμνων,
ὃ σφῶϊ προΐει Βρισηΐδος εἵνεκα κούρης.- [Achilles speaking to Talthybius and Eurybates:]
To me you aren't blameworthy, but Agamemnon,
who sent you both for the girl Briseis.
Usage notes
Singular and plural are σῠ́ (sú) and ῡ̔μεῖς (hūmeîs).
Inflection
Irregular declension of
σφώ;
σφῷν (
Attic)
| Case / # |
Dual |
| Nominative |
σφώ
|
| Genitive |
σφῷν
|
| Dative |
σφῷν
|
| Accusative |
σφώ
|
| Vocative |
σφώ
|
| Notes: |
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
|
Irregular declension of
σφῶῐ̈;
σφῶῐ̈ν (
Epic)
| Case / # |
Dual |
| Nominative |
σφῶῐ̈, σφώ
|
| Genitive |
σφῶῐ̈ν, σφῷν
|
| Dative |
σφῶῐ̈ν, σφῷν
|
| Accusative |
σφῶῐ̈, σφώ
|
| Vocative |
σφῶῐ̈, σφώ
|
| Notes: |
Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.
|
Related terms
- σφωΐτερος (sphōḯteros, “second person dual possessive adjective”)
References
- σφώ in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- «σφώ» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Herbert Weir Smyth & Gordon M. Messing, Greek Grammar, Cambridge, American Book Company, 1920, section 325.
- William W. Goodwin, A Greek Grammar. Revised and enlarged, Boston, 1900, p.82f.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 1429