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Definition 2025
χράω
χράω
Ancient Greek
Verb
χράω • (khráō)
-  (with dative of person) to fall upon, attack, assail
-  Palatine Anthology 5.296
 
-  (with dative of object) to inflict upon a person
-  (with infinitive) to be bent on doing, to be eager to do
Usage notes
Only used by Homer.
Inflection
    Imperfect: ἔχραον, ἐχραόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| imperfect | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
| active | indicative | ἔχραον | ἔχραες | ἔχραε | ἐχράετον | ἐχραέτην | ἐχράομεν | ἐχράετε | ἔχραον | 
| middle/ passive | ἐχραόμην | ἐχράου | ἐχράετο | ἐχράεσθον | ἐχραέσθην | ἐχραόμεθᾰ | ἐχράεσθε | ἐχράοντο | |
References
- χράω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer-.
Verb
χράω • (khráō)
-  (active, of the gods and their oracles) to furnish the needful answer, to declare, pronounce, proclaim
-  6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 807
 
-  (passive) to be declared, proclaimed, delivered
-  (middle voice, of the person to whom the response is given) to consult a god or oracle, to inquire of a god or oracle, consult them
-  Marcellin., Vit.Thuc. 6
 - (of applicants seeking something of the great king)
- (in perfect passive) to receive an oracular response
 
 
-  (active, of the gods and their oracles) to furnish the needful answer, to declare, pronounce, proclaim
-  to furnish with a thing
-  Palatine Anthology 584.10
 
-  (deponent) to use
-  to bring into action some feeling, faculty, passion, state of mind; to exercise, indulge
-  (of external things) to experience, be subject to
-  New Testament, Second Epistle to the Corinthians 1.17
 
-  (paraphrases the verb cognate to its dative)
 
-  (of external things) to experience, be subject to
-  (with duplicate dative) to use as such and such
-  to use for an end or purpose
 
-  (of persons, with an adverb of manner) to treat them in such a manner
-  to be intimate with, to deal with, make use of, employ
 
-  to be intimate with, to deal with, make use of, employ
-  (especially of sexual intercourse)
-  to make use of oneself or one's powers
 
-  (absolute or with an adverb) to be wont to do
-  (with accusative of object)
-  New Testament, First Epistle to the Corinthians 7.31
 
-  (perfect with a present sense) to be in need or want of, to yearn after
- (perfect as a strengthened present) to have in use, to have, possess
 
-  (aorist passive)
 
Inflection
    Present: χρῶ, χρῶμαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
| active | indicative | χρῶ | χρῇς | χρῇ | χρῆτον | χρῆτον | χρῶμεν | χρῆτε | χρῶσῐ(ν) | 
| subjunctive | χρῶ | χρῇς | χρῇ | χρῆτον | χρῆτον | χρῶμεν | χρῆτε | χρῶσῐ(ν) | |
| optative | χρῴην/ χρῷμῐ | χρῴης/ χρῷς | χρῴη/ χρῷ | χρῴητον/ χρῷτον | χρῳήτην/ χρῴτην | χρῴημεν/ χρῷμεν | χρῴητε/ χρῷτε | χρῴησᾰν/ χρῷεν | |
| imperative | χρῆ | χρήτω | χρῆτον | χρήτων | χρῆτε | χρώντων | |||
| middle/ passive | indicative | χρῶμαι | χρῇ | χρῆται | χρῆσθον | χρῆσθον | χρώμεθᾰ | χρῆσθε | χρῶνται | 
| subjunctive | χρῶμαι | χρῇ | χρῆται | χρῆσθον | χρῆσθον | χρώμεθᾰ | χρῆσθε | χρῶνται | |
| optative | χρῴμην | χρῷο | χρῷτο | χρῷσθον | χρῴσθην | χρῴμεθᾰ | χρῶσθε | χρῷντο | |
| imperative | χρῶ | χρήσθω | χρῆσθον | χρήσθων | χρῆσθε | χρήσθων | |||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||
| infinitive | χρῆν | χρῆσθαι | |||||||
| participle | χρῶν , χρῶσᾰ , χρῶν | χρώμενος , χρωμένη , χρώμενον | |||||||
    Imperfect: ἔχρων, ἐχρώμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| imperfect | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
| active | indicative | ἔχρων | ἔχρης | ἔχρη | ἐχρῆτον | ἐχρήτην | ἐχρῶμεν | ἐχρῆτε | ἔχρων | 
| middle/ passive | ἐχρώμην | ἐχρῶ | ἐχρῆτο | ἐχρῆσθον | ἐχρήσθην | ἐχρώμεθᾰ | ἐχρῆσθε | ἐχρῶντο | |
    Future: χρήσω, χρήσομαι, χρησθήσομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| future | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
| active | indicative | χρήσω | χρήσεις | χρήσει | χρήσετον | χρήσετον | χρήσομεν | χρήσετε | χρήσουσῐ(ν) | 
| optative | χρήσοιμῐ | χρήσοις | χρήσοι | χρήσοιτον | χρησοίτην | χρήσοιμεν | χρήσοιτε | χρήσοιεν | |
| middle | indicative | χρήσομαι | χρήσει/ χρήσῃ | χρήσεται | χρήσεσθον | χρήσεσθον | χρησόμεθᾰ | χρήσεσθε | χρήσονται | 
| optative | χρησοίμην | χρήσοιο | χρήσοιτο | χρήσοισθον | χρησοίσθην | χρησοίμεθᾰ | χρήσοισθε | χρήσοιντο | |
| passive | indicative | χρησθήσομαι | χρησθήσει/ χρησθήσῃ | χρησθήσεται | χρησθήσεσθον | χρησθήσεσθον | χρησθησόμεθᾰ | χρησθήσεσθε | χρησθήσονται | 
| optative | χρησθησοίμην | χρησθήσοιο | χρησθήσοιτο | χρησθήσοισθον | χρησθησοίσθην | χρησθησοίμεθᾰ | χρησθήσοισθε | χρησθήσοιντο | |
| active | middle | passive | |||||||
| infinitive | χρήσειν | χρήσεσθαι | χρησθήσεσθαι | ||||||
| participle | χρήσων , χρήσουσᾰ , χρῆσον | χρησόμενος , χρησομένη , χρησόμενον | χρησθησόμενος , χρησθησομένη , χρησθησόμενον | ||||||
    Aorist: ἔχρησα, ἐχρησάμην, ἐχρήσθην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aorist | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
| active | indicative | ἔχρησα | ἔχρησας | ἔχρησε | ἐχρήσατον | ἐχρησάτην | ἐχρήσαμεν | ἐχρήσατε | ἔχρησαν | 
| subjunctive | χρήσω | χρήσῃς | χρήσῃ | χρήσητον | χρήσητον | χρήσωμεν | χρήσητε | χρήσωσῐ(ν) | |
| optative | χρήσαιμῐ | χρήσαις/ χρήσειας | χρήσαι/ χρήσειε | χρήσαιτον | χρησαίτην | χρήσαιμεν | χρήσαιτε | χρήσαιεν/ χρήσειαν | |
| imperative | χρῆσον | χρησάτω | χρήσατον | χρησάτων | χρήσατε | χρησάντων | |||
| middle | indicative | ἐχρησάμην | ἐχρήσω | ἐχρήσατο | ἐχρήσασθον | ἐχρησάσθην | ἐχρησάμεθα | ἐχρήσασθε | ἐχρήσαντο | 
| subjunctive | χρήσωμαι | χρήσῃ | χρήσηται | χρήσησθον | χρήσησθον | χρησώμεθα | χρήσησθε | χρήσωνται | |
| optative | χρησαίμην | χρήσαιο | χρήσαιτο | χρήσαισθον | χρησαίσθην | χρησαίμεθα | χρήσαισθε | χρήσαιντο | |
| imperative | χρῆσαι | χρησάσθω | χρήσασθον | χρησάσθων | χρήσασθε | χρησάσθων | |||
| passive | indicative | ἐχρήσθην | ἐχρήσθης | ἐχρήσθη | ἐχρήσθητον | ἐχρησθήτην | ἐχρήσθημεν | ἐχρήσθητε | ἐχρήσθησαν | 
| subjunctive | χρησθῶ | χρησθῇς | χρησθῇ | χρησθῆτον | χρησθῆτον | χρησθῶμεν | χρησθῆτε | χρησθῶσῐ(ν) | |
| optative | χρησθείην | χρησθείης | χρησθείη | χρησθεῖτον/ χρησθείητον | χρησθείτην/ χρησθειήτην | χρησθεῖμεν/ χρησθείημεν | χρησθεῖτε/ χρησθείητε | χρησθεῖεν/ χρησθείησαν | |
| imperative | χρήσθητι | χρησθήτω | χρήσθητον | χρησθήτων | χρήσθητε | χρησθέντων | |||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||
| infinitive | χρῆσαι | χρήσασθαι | χρησθῆναι | ||||||
| participle | m | χρήσᾱς | χρησάμενος | χρησθείς | |||||
| f | χρήσᾱσα | χρησαμένη | χρησθεῖσα | ||||||
| n | χρῆσαν | χρησάμενον | χρησθέν | ||||||
References
- χράω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- χράω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- χράω in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- «χράω» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- «χράω» in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- χράω in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- “G5531”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979