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Definition 2024
χράω
χράω
Ancient Greek
Verb
χράω • (khráō)
- (with dative of person) to fall upon, attack, assail
- Palatine Anthology 5.296
- (with dative of object) to inflict upon a person
- (with infinitive) to be bent on doing, to be eager to do
Usage notes
Only used by Homer.
Inflection
Imperfect: ἔχραον, ἐχραόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
imperfect | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
active | indicative | ἔχραον | ἔχραες | ἔχραε | ἐχράετον | ἐχραέτην | ἐχράομεν | ἐχράετε | ἔχραον |
middle/ passive |
ἐχραόμην | ἐχράου | ἐχράετο | ἐχράεσθον | ἐχραέσθην | ἐχραόμεθᾰ | ἐχράεσθε | ἐχράοντο |
References
- χράω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer-.
Verb
χράω • (khráō)
- (active, of the gods and their oracles) to furnish the needful answer, to declare, pronounce, proclaim
- 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 807
- (passive) to be declared, proclaimed, delivered
- (middle voice, of the person to whom the response is given) to consult a god or oracle, to inquire of a god or oracle, consult them
- Marcellin., Vit.Thuc. 6
- (of applicants seeking something of the great king)
- (in perfect passive) to receive an oracular response
- (active, of the gods and their oracles) to furnish the needful answer, to declare, pronounce, proclaim
- to furnish with a thing
- Palatine Anthology 584.10
- (deponent) to use
- to bring into action some feeling, faculty, passion, state of mind; to exercise, indulge
- (of external things) to experience, be subject to
- New Testament, Second Epistle to the Corinthians 1.17
- (paraphrases the verb cognate to its dative)
- (of external things) to experience, be subject to
- (with duplicate dative) to use as such and such
- to use for an end or purpose
- (of persons, with an adverb of manner) to treat them in such a manner
- to be intimate with, to deal with, make use of, employ
- to be intimate with, to deal with, make use of, employ
- (especially of sexual intercourse)
- to make use of oneself or one's powers
- (absolute or with an adverb) to be wont to do
- (with accusative of object)
- New Testament, First Epistle to the Corinthians 7.31
- (perfect with a present sense) to be in need or want of, to yearn after
- (perfect as a strengthened present) to have in use, to have, possess
- (aorist passive)
Inflection
Present: χρῶ, χρῶμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
active | indicative | χρῶ | χρῇς | χρῇ | χρῆτον | χρῆτον | χρῶμεν | χρῆτε | χρῶσῐ(ν) |
subjunctive | χρῶ | χρῇς | χρῇ | χρῆτον | χρῆτον | χρῶμεν | χρῆτε | χρῶσῐ(ν) | |
optative | χρῴην/ χρῷμῐ |
χρῴης/ χρῷς |
χρῴη/ χρῷ |
χρῴητον/ χρῷτον |
χρῳήτην/ χρῴτην |
χρῴημεν/ χρῷμεν |
χρῴητε/ χρῷτε |
χρῴησᾰν/ χρῷεν |
|
imperative | χρῆ | χρήτω | χρῆτον | χρήτων | χρῆτε | χρώντων | |||
middle/
passive |
indicative | χρῶμαι | χρῇ | χρῆται | χρῆσθον | χρῆσθον | χρώμεθᾰ | χρῆσθε | χρῶνται |
subjunctive | χρῶμαι | χρῇ | χρῆται | χρῆσθον | χρῆσθον | χρώμεθᾰ | χρῆσθε | χρῶνται | |
optative | χρῴμην | χρῷο | χρῷτο | χρῷσθον | χρῴσθην | χρῴμεθᾰ | χρῶσθε | χρῷντο | |
imperative | χρῶ | χρήσθω | χρῆσθον | χρήσθων | χρῆσθε | χρήσθων | |||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||
infinitive | χρῆν | χρῆσθαι | |||||||
participle | χρῶν , χρῶσᾰ , χρῶν | χρώμενος , χρωμένη , χρώμενον |
Imperfect: ἔχρων, ἐχρώμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
imperfect | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
active | indicative | ἔχρων | ἔχρης | ἔχρη | ἐχρῆτον | ἐχρήτην | ἐχρῶμεν | ἐχρῆτε | ἔχρων |
middle/ passive |
ἐχρώμην | ἐχρῶ | ἐχρῆτο | ἐχρῆσθον | ἐχρήσθην | ἐχρώμεθᾰ | ἐχρῆσθε | ἐχρῶντο |
Future: χρήσω, χρήσομαι, χρησθήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
future | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
active | indicative | χρήσω | χρήσεις | χρήσει | χρήσετον | χρήσετον | χρήσομεν | χρήσετε | χρήσουσῐ(ν) |
optative | χρήσοιμῐ | χρήσοις | χρήσοι | χρήσοιτον | χρησοίτην | χρήσοιμεν | χρήσοιτε | χρήσοιεν | |
middle | indicative | χρήσομαι | χρήσει/ χρήσῃ |
χρήσεται | χρήσεσθον | χρήσεσθον | χρησόμεθᾰ | χρήσεσθε | χρήσονται |
optative | χρησοίμην | χρήσοιο | χρήσοιτο | χρήσοισθον | χρησοίσθην | χρησοίμεθᾰ | χρήσοισθε | χρήσοιντο | |
passive | indicative | χρησθήσομαι | χρησθήσει/ χρησθήσῃ |
χρησθήσεται | χρησθήσεσθον | χρησθήσεσθον | χρησθησόμεθᾰ | χρησθήσεσθε | χρησθήσονται |
optative | χρησθησοίμην | χρησθήσοιο | χρησθήσοιτο | χρησθήσοισθον | χρησθησοίσθην | χρησθησοίμεθᾰ | χρησθήσοισθε | χρησθήσοιντο | |
active | middle | passive | |||||||
infinitive | χρήσειν | χρήσεσθαι | χρησθήσεσθαι | ||||||
participle | χρήσων , χρήσουσᾰ , χρῆσον | χρησόμενος , χρησομένη , χρησόμενον | χρησθησόμενος , χρησθησομένη , χρησθησόμενον |
Aorist: ἔχρησα, ἐχρησάμην, ἐχρήσθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
aorist | first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | |
active | indicative | ἔχρησα | ἔχρησας | ἔχρησε | ἐχρήσατον | ἐχρησάτην | ἐχρήσαμεν | ἐχρήσατε | ἔχρησαν |
subjunctive | χρήσω | χρήσῃς | χρήσῃ | χρήσητον | χρήσητον | χρήσωμεν | χρήσητε | χρήσωσῐ(ν) | |
optative | χρήσαιμῐ | χρήσαις/ χρήσειας |
χρήσαι/ χρήσειε |
χρήσαιτον | χρησαίτην | χρήσαιμεν | χρήσαιτε | χρήσαιεν/ χρήσειαν |
|
imperative | χρῆσον | χρησάτω | χρήσατον | χρησάτων | χρήσατε | χρησάντων | |||
middle | indicative | ἐχρησάμην | ἐχρήσω | ἐχρήσατο | ἐχρήσασθον | ἐχρησάσθην | ἐχρησάμεθα | ἐχρήσασθε | ἐχρήσαντο |
subjunctive | χρήσωμαι | χρήσῃ | χρήσηται | χρήσησθον | χρήσησθον | χρησώμεθα | χρήσησθε | χρήσωνται | |
optative | χρησαίμην | χρήσαιο | χρήσαιτο | χρήσαισθον | χρησαίσθην | χρησαίμεθα | χρήσαισθε | χρήσαιντο | |
imperative | χρῆσαι | χρησάσθω | χρήσασθον | χρησάσθων | χρήσασθε | χρησάσθων | |||
passive | indicative | ἐχρήσθην | ἐχρήσθης | ἐχρήσθη | ἐχρήσθητον | ἐχρησθήτην | ἐχρήσθημεν | ἐχρήσθητε | ἐχρήσθησαν |
subjunctive | χρησθῶ | χρησθῇς | χρησθῇ | χρησθῆτον | χρησθῆτον | χρησθῶμεν | χρησθῆτε | χρησθῶσῐ(ν) | |
optative | χρησθείην | χρησθείης | χρησθείη | χρησθεῖτον/ χρησθείητον |
χρησθείτην/ χρησθειήτην |
χρησθεῖμεν/ χρησθείημεν |
χρησθεῖτε/ χρησθείητε |
χρησθεῖεν/ χρησθείησαν |
|
imperative | χρήσθητι | χρησθήτω | χρήσθητον | χρησθήτων | χρήσθητε | χρησθέντων | |||
active | middle | passive | |||||||
infinitive | χρῆσαι | χρήσασθαι | χρησθῆναι | ||||||
participle | m | χρήσᾱς | χρησάμενος | χρησθείς | |||||
f | χρήσᾱσα | χρησαμένη | χρησθεῖσα | ||||||
n | χρῆσαν | χρησάμενον | χρησθέν |
References
- χράω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- χράω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- χράω in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- «χράω» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- «χράω» in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- χράω in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- “G5531”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979