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Definition 2024

可汗

可汗

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (可汗)		可	汗
alt. forms		可寒 archaic 合罕 archaic 汗 abbreviation

Noun

可汗

khagan (Classifier: 位)

Etymology

Borrowed from a Mongolic or Turkic language; compare Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ‎(qaɣan) and Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 ‎(qaɣan). First attested at around the 3^rd century.

Pronunciation

Mandarin

(Pinyin): kèhán

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄜˋ ㄏㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hak¹ hon⁴
Min Nan (POJ): khek-hân

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
  - Pinyin: kèhán
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˋ ㄏㄢˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kehhanr
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ⁵¹ xa̠n³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: hak¹ hon⁴
  - Yale: hāk hòhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hak⁷ hon⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /hɐk̚⁵ hɔːn²¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khek-hân
  - Tâi-lô: khik-hân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qekhaan
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ han²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɪk̚⁵⁻²⁴ han²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ han¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ han²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ han²³/

Middle Chinese: /kʰɑ^X ɦɑn/▼

Rime
Character	可	汗
Reading #	1/1	1/3
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	枯我切	胡安切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɑ^X/	/ɦɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰɑ^X/	/ɦɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɑ^X/	/ɣɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰa^X/	/ɦan/
Li Rong	/kʰɑ^X/	/ɣɑn/
Wang Li	/kʰɑ^X/	/ɣɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰɑ^X/	/ɣɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kě	hán