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Definition 2024

栴檀

栴檀

Chinese

		sandalwood	sandal wood
simp. and trad. (栴檀)		栴	檀
alt. forms		旃檀

Noun

栴檀

Alternative term for 苦楝 (kǔliàn, “bead tree”).
Alternative term for 檀香 (tánxiāng, “sandalwood”).

Japanese

Kanji in this term
栴	檀
せん Hyōgaiji	だん Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

Noun

栴檀 ‎(hiragana せんだん, katakana センダン, romaji sendan)

bead tree (Melia azedarach)

Etymology

Borrowing from Sanskrit चन्दन ‎(candana, “sandalwood”)

Pronunciation

Mandarin

(Pinyin): zhāntán

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄢㄊㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zin¹ taan⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhāntán
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄢㄊㄢˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jantanr
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂa̠n⁵⁵ tʰa̠n³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zin¹ taan⁴
  - Yale: jīn tàahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzin¹ taan⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siːn⁵⁵ tʰɑːn²¹/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕiᴇn dɑn/▼

Rime
Character	栴	檀
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	諸延切	徒干切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇn/	/dɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛn/	/dɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjæn/	/dɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cian/	/dan/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiɛn/	/dɑn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭɛn/	/dɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ɛn/	/dʱɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhān	tán