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Definition
2024
苦海
苦海
Chinese
bitter; intensely; miserable
bitter; intensely; miserable; painful
ocean; sea
simp.
and
trad.
(
苦海
)
苦
海
Noun
苦海
(
Buddhism
)
the
sea
of
bitterness
; the
ocean
of
suffering
; the
abyss
of
misery
; this (
weary
)
world
脫離
苦海
/
脱离
苦海
―
tuōlí
kǔhǎi
―
to escape from
the abyss of misery
Etymology
Calque
of
Sanskrit
दुःख समुद्र
(
duḥkha samudra
)
.
Pronunciation
Mandarin
(
Pinyin
)
:
kǔhǎi
(
Zhuyin
)
: ㄎㄨˇ ㄏㄞˇ
Cantonese
(
Jyutping
)
:
fu
2
hoi
2
Hakka
(
Sixian
,
PFS
)
:
khú-hói
Min Nan
(
POJ
)
:
khó͘-hái
Wu
(
Wiktionary
)
:
khu he (T2)
Mandarin
(
Standard Chinese
,
Beijing
)
+
Pinyin
:
kǔhǎi
Zhuyin
:
ㄎㄨˇ ㄏㄞˇ
Gwoyeu Romatzyh
:
kuuhae
IPA
(key)
:
/kʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
(
Standard Cantonese
,
Guangzhou
)
+
Jyutping
:
fu
2
hoi
2
Yale
:
fú hói
Cantonese Pinyin
:
fu
2
hoi
2
IPA
(
key
)
:
/fuː³⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/
Hakka
(
Sixian
, incl.
Miaoli
and
Meinong
)
Pha̍k-fa-sṳ
:
khú-hói
Hakka Romanization System
:
ku` hoi`
Hagfa Pinyim
:
ku
3
hoi
3
IPA
:
/kʰu³¹ ho̯i³¹/
Min Nan
(
Hokkien
)
Pe̍h-ōe-jī
:
khó͘-hái
Tâi-lô
:
khóo-hái
Phofsit Daibuun
:
qofhae
IPA (
Xiamen
)
:
/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ haɪ⁵³/
IPA (
Quanzhou
)
:
/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ haɪ⁵⁵⁴/
IPA (
Zhangzhou
)
:
/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ haɪ⁵³/
IPA (
Taipei
)
:
/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ haɪ⁵³/
IPA (
Kaohsiung
)
:
/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ haɪ⁴¹/
Wu
(
Shanghainese
)
Wiktionary
:
khu he (T2)
IPA
(
key
)
:
/kʰv̩ʷ³³ hᴇ⁴⁴/
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