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Definition 2024

복잡하다

복잡하다

Korean

Adjective

복잡하다 • ‎(bokjaphada) ‎(infinitive 복잡해 or 복잡하여, sequential 복잡하니)

complicated
crowded, busy, congested

Antonyms

단순하다 (dansunhada, “to be simple”)

Conjugation

Selected forms of the adjective 복잡하다 (bokjaphada)

Stems
Stem 1	복잡하 (bokjapha)
Stem 2	복잡해 (bokjaphae)
Stem 2a	복잡하여 (bokjaphayeo)
Stem 3	복잡하 (bokjapha)
Conjugation type	Vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
	Formal non polite (해라체)	Informal non polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	복잡하다 bokjaphada past: 복잡했다 bokjaphaetda	복잡해 bokjaphae past: 복잡했어 bokjaphaesseo	복잡해요 bokjaphaeyo past: 복잡했어요 bokjaphaesseoyo	복잡합니다 bokjaphamnida past: 복잡했습니다 bokjaphaetseumnida
Interrogative	복잡하냐 bokjaphanya past: 복잡했냐 bokjaphaennya	복잡해 bokjaphae past: 복잡했어 bokjaphaesseo	복잡해요 bokjaphaeyo past: 복잡했어요 bokjaphaesseoyo	복잡합니까 bokjaphamnikka past: 복잡했습니까 bokjaphaetseumnikka
Assertive	복잡하겠다 bokjaphagetda	복잡하겠어 bokjaphagesseo	복잡하겠어요 bokjaphagesseoyo	복잡하겠습니다 bokjaphagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason	복잡해 bokjaphae	복잡해서, 복잡하여서 bokjaphaeseo, bokjaphayeoseo	복잡하니 bokjaphani	복잡하니까 bokjaphanikka
Contrast	복잡하지만 bokjaphajiman	복잡한데 bokjaphande	복잡하더니 bokjaphadeoni
Conjunction	복잡하고 bokjaphago
Condition	복잡하면 bokjaphamyeon	복잡해야, 복잡하여야 bokjaphaeya, bokjaphayeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		복잡함 bokjapham	복잡하기 bokjaphagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		복잡했음, 복잡하였음 bokjaphaesseum, bokjaphayeosseum	복잡했기, 복잡하였기 bokjaphaetgi, bokjaphayeotgi
Determiners	present		복잡한 bokjaphan
Determiners	future		복잡할 bokjaphal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
	Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	복잡하시다 bokjaphasida past: 복잡하셨다 bokjaphasyeotda	복잡하셔 bokjaphasyeo past: 복잡하셨어 bokjaphasyeosseo	복잡하세요, 복잡하셔요 bokjaphaseyo, bokjaphasyeoyo past: 복잡하셨어요 bokjaphasyeosseoyo	복잡하십니다 bokjaphasimnida past: 복잡하셨습니다 bokjaphasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	복잡하시냐 bokjaphasinya past: 복잡하셨냐 bokjaphasyeonnya	복잡하셔 bokjaphasyeo past: 복잡하셨어 bokjaphasyeosseo	복잡하세요, 복잡하셔요 bokjaphaseyo, bokjaphasyeoyo past: 복잡하셨어요 bokjaphasyeosseoyo	복잡하십니까 bokjaphasimnikka past: 복잡하셨습니까 bokjaphasyeotseumnikka
Assertive	복잡하시겠다 bokjaphasigetda	복잡하시겠어 bokjaphasigesseo	복잡하시겠어요 bokjaphasigesseoyo	복잡하시겠습니다 bokjaphasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason	복잡하셔 bokjaphasyeo	복잡하셔서 bokjaphasyeoseo	복잡하시니 bokjaphasini	복잡하시니까 bokjaphasinikka
Contrast	복잡하시지만 bokjaphasijiman	복잡하신데 bokjaphasinde	복잡하시더니 bokjaphasideoni
Conjunction	복잡하시고 bokjaphasigo
Condition	복잡하시면 bokjaphasimyeon	복잡하셔야 bokjaphasyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		복잡하심 bokjaphasim	복잡하시기 bokjaphasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		복잡하셨음 bokjaphasyeosseum	복잡하셨기 bokjaphasyeotgi
Determiners	present		복잡하신 bokjaphasin
Determiners	future		복잡하실 bokjaphasil