Finnish

Suffix

-tta (in words with back vowel harmony)
-ttä (in words with front vowel harmony)

1. Suffix for the abessive case, without.

Synonyms

• (without): (preposition) ilman (+ partitive), (preposition/postposition) vailla (+ partitive)

Usage notes

• Suffixed to the genitive stem in the singular, to the same stem as the inessive in the plural.
• Not very commonly used, especially the singular forms.

Etymology 2

Derived from the assimilated final consonant of the stem, *k or *h, plus the partitive suffix -ta.

Suffix

-tta (in words with back vowel harmony)
-ttä (in words with front vowel harmony)

1. A suffix for the partitive singular.

Usage notes

• Used predominantly for words whose nominative singular ends in -e and which lengthen that final -e in other singular cases, as well as for ordinal numerals starting from kolmas. Traditionally also for ori.