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Definition 2024
aidier
aidier
Old French
Verb
aidier
- (transitive) to help
- circa 1170, Christian of Troyes, Yvain ou le Chevalier au lion:
-
Et li leons, qui che esgarde,
De li aidier plus ne se tarde[.]- And the lion who was watching
Did not wait any longer to help him.
- And the lion who was watching
-
Et li leons, qui che esgarde,
-
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -ier, with a palatal stem. These verbs are conjugated mostly like verbs in -er, but there is an extra i before the e of some endings. This is an irregular verb with a stressed stem containing an extra syllable: aiu-. Early versions had the strong stem aiuḍ-, e.g. present indicative tense aiuṭ, aiuḍes, aiuḍe, aidions, aidiez, aiuḍent. This -ḍ- is the reason the second person singular subjunctive ends in -z. It is cognate with Spanish ayudar and Italian aiutare. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of aidier (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | aidier | avoir aidié | |||||
| gerund | en aidant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | aidant | ||||||
| past participle | aidié | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | aiu, aï | aiues, aïes | aiue, aïe | aidons | aidiez | aiuent, aïent |
| imperfect | aidoie, aideie, aidoe, aidieve | aidoies, aideies, aidoes, aidieves | aidoit, aideit, aidot, aidieve | aidiiens, aidiens | aidiiez, aidiez | aidoient, aideient, aidoent, aidievent | |
| preterite | aidai | aidas | aida | aidames | aidastes | aidierent | |
| future | aiderai | aideras | aidera | aiderons | aideroiz, aidereiz, aiderez | aideront | |
| conditional | aideroie, aidereie | aideroies, aidereies | aideroit, aidereit | aideriiens, aideriens | aideriiez, aideriez | aideroient, aidereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | aiu, aï | aiuz, aïz | aiut, aït, aïst, aïe | aidons | aidiez | aiuent, aïent |
| imperfect | aidasse | aidasses | aidast | aidissons, aidissiens | aidissoiz, aidissez, aidissiez | aidassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | aiue, aïe | — | aidons | aidiez | — | ||
Derived terms
- se Dex m'aït (aït is the third-person singular of aidier, see above)
Descendants
References
- “Appendix E: Irregular Verbs” in E. Einhorn (1974), Old French: A Concise Handbook, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-09838-6, page 149