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Definition 2024
beirid
beirid
Irish
Verb
beirid
- (archaic, Munster) third-person plural present indicative of beir
- (archaic, Munster) third-person plural present subjunctive of beir
Usage notes
The modern standard forms are beireann siad in the indicative and go mbeire siad in the subjunctive.
Mutation
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| beirid | bheirid | mbeirid |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *bereti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-. See ro·uic for the etymology of the suppletive perfective forms.
Cognates include Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (bairan), Ancient Greek φέρω (phérō), Sanskrit भरति (bhárati), Latin ferō, Old Church Slavonic бьрати (bĭrati).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbʲerʲiðʲ/
Verb
beirid (conjunct ·beir, verbal noun breth)
- to carry
Conjugation
Simple, class B I present, t preterite, é future, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Abs. | biru | biri | beirid | bermai | berait | berair | bertair | |
| Conj. | ·biur | ·bir | ·beir | ·beram | ·beirid | ·berat | ·berar | ·bertar | |
| Rel. | beires | bertae | berar | bertar | |||||
| Imperfect | ·beirinn | ·beired | ·beirmis | ·beirtis | ·beirthe | ·beirtis | |||
| Preterite | Abs. | birt | brethae | ||||||
| Conj. | ·biurt | ·birt | ·bert | ·bertatar | ·breth | ·bretha | |||
| Rel. | bert | bertatar | |||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Abs. | bérae | béraid | bérait | bérthair | ||||
| Conj. | ·bér | ·bérae | ·béra | ·béram | ·bérat | ·bérthar | ·bértar | ||
| Rel. | béras | bértae | bérthar | ||||||
| Conditional | ·bérainn | ·bértha | ·bérad | ·bérmais | ·bérthae | ·bértais | ·bérthae | ||
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | beraid | berthair | ||||||
| Conj. | ·ber | ·berae | ·bera | ·beram | ·beraid | ·berat | ·berthar | ·bertar | |
| Rel. | bertae | ||||||||
| Past subjunctive | ·berainn | ·bertha | ·berad | ·bermais | ·berthae | ·bertais | ·berthae | ·bertais | |
| Imperative | beir | beired | beram | beirid | berar | ||||
| Verbal noun | breth | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
| Note: only forms actually attested in Old Irish are listed here. | |||||||||
Perfective forms derived from ro·uic:
Complex, class A I present, f future, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Deut. | ro·ucca | ro·ucthar | ||||||
| Prot. | ·rucaim | ·ruca | ·rucat | ·ructhar | |||||
| Imperfect | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | ·rucad | ·ructais | |||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ro·uccus | ro·ucc, ro·uic | ro·ucsaid | ro·ucsat | ro·ucad | ro·uctha | ||
| Prot. | ·rucus | ·rucais | ·ruc | ·rucsat | ·rucad | ·ructha | |||
| Future | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | ·rucfaither | ·rucfaiter | |||||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | ·ruca | ·ructar | |||||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | ·ruccainn | ·ructhae | ·ructais | ||||||
| Imperative | uic | ||||||||
| Verbal noun | |||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
| Note: only forms actually attested in Old Irish are listed here. | |||||||||
Derived terms
Descendants
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| beirid | beirid pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ |
mbeirid |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- “beirid” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.