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Definition 2024

daudz

daudz

Latvian

Adverb

daudz (comp. vairāk, sup. visvairāk)

  1. much, a lot; adverbial form of daudzi
  2. (with genitive) much, many, a lot of (an indefinite large amount of)
    daudz ziedu‎ ― many flowers
    daudz darba‎ ― a lot of work
    daudz naudas‎ ― a lot of money
    cik daudz dzīvnieku?‎ ― how many animals?
    cik daudz laika?‎ ― how much time?
    ļoti daudz piena‎ ― very much milk, a lot of milk
    par daudz piena‎ ― too much milk
    daudz ļaužu iet šeit garām‎ ― a lot of people go by here
  3. (modifying a verb, or another adverb) much, a lot
    strādāt, runāt daudz‎ ― to work, to talk a lot
    daudz liekāks, vecāks‎ ― much biger, older
    daudz labāks par citiem‎ ― much better than the others
    daudz agrāk nekā pērn‎ ― much earlier than last year
  4. (used as a noun) much, a lot, usually of something important
    daudz palika neizteikts‎ ― much remained unsaid
    skolēni uzzināja daudz‎ ― the students found out a lot
    viņš ēd par daudz‎ ― he eats too much
    lokomotīves vadītājam jāzina un jāprot daudz‎ ― locomotive drivers must know and be able to do a lot (of things)

Usage notes

The adverbial form daudz has a comparative form vairāk, but the adjectival form daudzi has no corresponding comparative form (the term vairāki does exist, but it is an indefinite pronoun by itself, meaning “several”).

Antonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

References

  1. ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “daudz”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, ISBN 9984-700-12-7

Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *daug-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰowgʰ-, the o-grade form of *dʰewgʰ- ‎(“to affect, to press; to produce”), from the stem *dʰew-, a variant of *tew- ‎(“to swell”). The meaning changed from “to swell, swollen” to “big” and then “a lot, much.” Note that the river name Daugava contains the same stem (originally “large river, with much water.” Cognates include Lithuanian daũg, Sudovian daug, Proto-Slavic *dužьjь (Russian дюжий ‎(djúžij, “heavy, strong, healthy”), dialectal дужий ‎(dúžij), Belarusian дужа ‎(dúža, “a lot”), дужы ‎(dúžy, “strong”), Ukrainian дужий ‎(dúžyj), дуже ‎(dúže, “very, a lot”), Czech duži ‎(“strong”), Polish duży ‎(“big, grown up”), duże ‎(“much, many, a lot”)), Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌲 ‎(daug, “is useful”), Old High German tugan, German taugen ‎(“to be useful”), Sanskrit दोग्धि ‎(dógdhi) (< *dʰawgʰ-) “to milk” (< “to press”), Ancient Greek τεύχειν ‎(teúkhein, “to prepare, to create”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [dāūdz]

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