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Definition 2024
duire
duire
Middle French
Verb
duire
- to drive (to something)
- 1595, Michel de Montaigne, Essais, book II, chapter 12:
-
ceux qui sont duicts à combatre nuds, on les void se ietter aux hazards pareils aux nostres
- Those who are driven to fight naked, we seem them fight against dangers similar to ours
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ceux qui sont duicts à combatre nuds, on les void se ietter aux hazards pareils aux nostres
-
- to guide; to assist to do
Old French
Etymology
From Latin dūcere, present active infinitive of dūcō. Found in modern French only as a suffix, -duire, e.g. conduire.
Verb
duire
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb ends in a palatal stem, so there is an extra i before the e of some endings. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of duire (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | duire | avoir duit | |||||
| gerund | en duisant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | duisant | ||||||
| past participle | duit | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | dui | duis | duit | duions | duiiez | duient |
| imperfect | duisoie, duiseie | duisoies, duiseies | duisoit, duiseit | duisiiens, duisiens | duisiiez, duisiez | duisoient, duiseient | |
| preterite | duis | duisis | duist | duisimes | duisistes | duistrent | |
| future | duirai | duiras | duira | duirons | duiroiz, duireiz, duirez | duiront | |
| conditional | duiroie, duireie | duiroies, duireies | duiroit, duireit | duiriiens, duiriens | duiriiez, duiriez | duiroient, duireient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | duie | duies | duie | duiiens, duions | duiiez | duient |
| imperfect | duisisse | duisisses | duisist | duisissons, duisissiens | duisissoiz, duisissez, duisissiez | duisissent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | dui | — | duions | duiiez | — | ||
Related terms
Descendants
- Middle French: duire
References
- (fr) Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (duire)
- “Appendix E: Irregular Verbs” in E. Einhorn (1974), Old French: A Concise Handbook, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-09838-6, pages 153–154