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Definition 2024
esforcer
esforcer
Old French
Verb
esforcer
- Alternative form of esforcier
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-c, *-cs, *-ct are modified to z, z, zt. In addition, c becomes ç before an a, o or u to keep the /ts/ sound intact. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of esforcer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | esforcer | avoir esforcé | |||||
| gerund | en esforçant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | esforçant | ||||||
| past participle | esforcé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | esforz | esforces | esforce | esforçons | esforcez | esforcent |
| imperfect | esforçoie, esforceie, esforçoe, esforceve | esforçoies, esforceies, esforçoes, esforceves | esforçoit, esforceit, esforçot, esforceve | esforciiens, esforciens | esforciiez, esforciez | esforçoient, esforceient, esforçoent, esforcevent | |
| preterite | esforçai | esforças | esforça | esforçames | esforçastes | esforcerent | |
| future | esforcerai | esforceras | esforcera | esforcerons | esforceroiz, esforcereiz, esforcerez | esforceront | |
| conditional | esforceroie, esforcereie | esforceroies, esforcereies | esforceroit, esforcereit | esforceriiens, esforceriens | esforceriiez, esforceriez | esforceroient, esforcereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | esforz | esforz | esforzt | esforçons | esforcez | esforcent |
| imperfect | esforçasse | esforçasses | esforçast | esforcissons, esforcissiens | esforcissoiz, esforcissez, esforcissiez | esforçassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | esforce | — | esforçons | esforcez | — | ||