Definify.com
Definition 2024
esperer
esperer
See also: espérer
Middle French
Verb
esperer
- to hope
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of esperer
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | esperer | avoir esperé | |||||
| gerund | en esperant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | esperant | ||||||
| past participle | esperé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (may be i' before a vowel) | tu | il | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | espere | esperes | espere | esperons | esperez | esperent |
| imperfect | esperois, esperoys | esperois, esperoys | esperoit, esperoyt | esperions, esperyons | esperiez, esperyez | esperoient, esperoyent | |
| past historic | espera | esperas | espera | esperasmes | esperastes | espererent | |
| future | espererai, espereray | espereras | esperera | espererons | espererez | espereront | |
| conditional | espererois, espereroys | espererois, espereroys | espereroit, espereroyt | espererions, espereryons | espereriez, espereryez | espereroient, espereroyent | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie | que tu | qu'il | que nous | que vous | qu'ilz, qu'elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | espere | esperes | espere | esperons | esperez | esperent |
| imperfect | esperasse | esperasses | esperast | esperassions | esperassiez | esperassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | espere | — | esperons | esperez | — | ||
Descendants
- French: espérer
Old French
Verb
esperer
- to hope
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. This verb has a stressed present stem espoir distinct from the unstressed stem esper. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of esperer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | esperer | avoir esperé | |||||
| gerund | en esperant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | esperant | ||||||
| past participle | esperé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | espoir | espoires | espoire | esperons | esperez | espoirent |
| imperfect | esperoie, espereie, esperoe, espereve | esperoies, espereies, esperoes, espereves | esperoit, espereit, esperot, espereve | esperiiens, esperiens | esperiiez, esperiez | esperoient, espereient, esperoent, esperevent | |
| preterite | esperai | esperas | espera | esperames | esperastes | espererent | |
| future | espererai | espereras | esperera | espererons | espereroiz, esperereiz, espererez | espereront | |
| conditional | espereroie, esperereie | espereroies, esperereies | espereroit, esperereit | espereriiens, espereriens | espereriiez, espereriez | espereroient, esperereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | espoir | espoirs | espoirt | esperons | esperez | espoirent |
| imperfect | esperasse | esperasses | esperast | esperissons, esperissiens | esperissoiz, esperissez, esperissiez | esperassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | espoire | — | esperons | esperez | — | ||