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Definition 2024
extraire
extraire
French
Verb
extraire
- extract (to draw out)
Conjugation
This verb traditionally has no past historic or imperfect subjunctive. They would be formed on a -extray- root: *je extrayis, *que nous extrayissions etc. Forms using the ‘a’ endings of verbs in -er are now used when there is an unavoidable need to use these forms. The root -extrais- was used instead of -extray- in the 18th century, and remains in Swiss and Savoy dialects.
Conjugation of extraire (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | extraire | avoir extrait | |||||
| gerund | en extrayant | en ayant extrait | |||||
| present participle | extrayant /ɛk.stʁɛ.jɑ̃/ |
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| past participle | extrait /ɛk.stʁɛ/ |
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| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | extrais /ɛk.stʁɛ/ |
extrais /ɛk.stʁɛ/ |
extrait /ɛk.stʁɛ/ |
extrayons /ɛk.stʁɛ.jɔ̃/ |
extrayez /ɛk.stʁɛ.je/ |
extraient /ɛk.stʁɛ/ |
| imperfect | extrayais /ɛk.stʁɛ.jɛ/ |
extrayais /ɛk.stʁɛ.jɛ/ |
extrayait /ɛk.stʁɛ.jɛ/ |
extrayions /ɛk.stʁɛj.jɔ̃/ |
extrayiez /ɛk.stʁɛj.je/ |
extrayaient /ɛk.stʁɛ.jɛ/ |
|
| past historic1 | extrayai /ɛk.stʁɛ.je/ |
extrayas /ɛk.stʁɛ.ja/ |
extraya /ɛk.stʁɛ.ja/ |
extrayâmes /ɛk.stʁɛ.jam/ |
extrayâtes /ɛk.stʁɛ.jat/ |
extrayèrent /ɛk.stʁɛ.jɛʁ/ |
|
| future | extrairai /ɛk.stʁɛ.ʁe/ |
extrairas /ɛk.stʁɛ.ʁa/ |
extraira /ɛk.stʁɛ.ʁa/ |
extrairons /ɛk.stʁɛ.ʁɔ̃/ |
extrairez /ɛk.stʁɛ.ʁe/ |
extrairont /ɛk.stʁɛ.ʁɔ̃/ |
|
| conditional | extrairais /ɛk.stʁɛ.ʁɛ/ |
extrairais /ɛk.stʁɛ.ʁɛ/ |
extrairait /ɛk.stʁɛ.ʁɛ/ |
extrairions /ɛk.stʁɛ.ʁjɔ̃/ |
extrairiez /ɛk.stʁɛ.ʁje/ |
extrairaient /ɛk.stʁɛ.ʁɛ/ |
|
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | extraie /ɛk.stʁɛ/ |
extraies /ɛk.stʁɛ/ |
extraie /ɛk.stʁɛ/ |
extrayions /ɛk.stʁɛj.jɔ̃/ |
extrayiez /ɛk.stʁɛj.je/ |
extraient /ɛk.stʁɛ/ |
| imperfect1 |
extrayasse /ɛk.stʁɛ.jas/ |
extrayasses /ɛk.stʁɛ.jas/ |
extrayât /ɛk.stʁɛ.ja/ |
extrayassions /ɛk.stʁɛ.ja.sjɔ̃/ |
extrayassiez /ɛk.stʁɛ.ja.sje/ |
extrayassent /ɛk.stʁɛ.jas/ |
|
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | extrais /ɛk.stʁɛ/ |
— | extrayons /ɛk.stʁɛ.jɔ̃/ |
extrayez /ɛk.stʁɛ.je/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||