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Definition 2024
fermer
fermer
See also: fèrmer
French
Verb
fermer
Conjugation
Conjugation of fermer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | fermer | avoir fermé | |||||
| gerund | en fermant | en ayant fermé | |||||
| present participle | fermant /fɛʁ.mɑ̃/ |
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| past participle | fermé /fɛʁ.me/ |
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| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | ferme /fɛʁm/ |
fermes /fɛʁm/ |
ferme /fɛʁm/ |
fermons /fɛʁ.mɔ̃/ |
fermez /fɛʁ.me/ |
ferment /fɛʁm/ |
| imperfect | fermais /fɛʁ.mɛ/ |
fermais /fɛʁ.mɛ/ |
fermait /fɛʁ.mɛ/ |
fermions /fɛʁ.mjɔ̃/ |
fermiez /fɛʁ.mje/ |
fermaient /fɛʁ.mɛ/ |
|
| past historic1 | fermai /fɛʁ.me/ |
fermas /fɛʁ.ma/ |
ferma /fɛʁ.ma/ |
fermâmes /fɛʁ.mam/ |
fermâtes /fɛʁ.mat/ |
fermèrent /fɛʁ.mɛʁ/ |
|
| future | fermerai /fɛʁ.mə.ʁe/ |
fermeras /fɛʁ.mə.ʁa/ |
fermera /fɛʁ.mə.ʁa/ |
fermerons /fɛʁ.mə.ʁɔ̃/ |
fermerez /fɛʁ.mə.ʁe/ |
fermeront /fɛʁ.mə.ʁɔ̃/ |
|
| conditional | fermerais /fɛʁ.mə.ʁɛ/ |
fermerais /fɛʁ.mə.ʁɛ/ |
fermerait /fɛʁ.mə.ʁɛ/ |
fermerions /fɛʁ.mə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
fermeriez /fɛʁ.mə.ʁje/ |
fermeraient /fɛʁ.mə.ʁɛ/ |
|
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | ferme /fɛʁm/ |
fermes /fɛʁm/ |
ferme /fɛʁm/ |
fermions /fɛʁ.mjɔ̃/ |
fermiez /fɛʁ.mje/ |
ferment /fɛʁm/ |
| imperfect1 |
fermasse /fɛʁ.mas/ |
fermasses /fɛʁ.mas/ |
fermât /fɛʁ.ma/ |
fermassions /fɛʁ.ma.sjɔ̃/ |
fermassiez /fɛʁ.ma.sje/ |
fermassent /fɛʁ.mas/ |
|
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | ferme /fɛʁm/ |
— | fermons /fɛʁ.mɔ̃/ |
fermez /fɛʁ.me/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Antonyms
Derived terms
Old French
Verb
fermer
- to close
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-rms, *-rmt are modified to rs, rt. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of fermer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | fermer | avoir fermé | |||||
| gerund | en fermant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | fermant | ||||||
| past participle | fermé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | ferm | fermes | ferme | fermons | fermez | ferment |
| imperfect | fermoie, fermeie, fermoe, fermeve | fermoies, fermeies, fermoes, fermeves | fermoit, fermeit, fermot, fermeve | fermiiens, fermiens | fermiiez, fermiez | fermoient, fermeient, fermoent, fermevent | |
| preterite | fermai | fermas | ferma | fermames | fermastes | fermerent | |
| future | fermerai | fermeras | fermera | fermerons | fermeroiz, fermereiz, fermerez | fermeront | |
| conditional | fermeroie, fermereie | fermeroies, fermereies | fermeroit, fermereit | fermeriiens, fermeriens | fermeriiez, fermeriez | fermeroient, fermereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | ferm | fers | fert | fermons | fermez | ferment |
| imperfect | fermasse | fermasses | fermast | fermissons, fermissiens | fermissoiz, fermissez, fermissiez | fermassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | ferme | — | fermons | fermez | — | ||