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Definition 2024
gruger
gruger
French
Verb
gruger
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written gruge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a “soft” /ʒ/ and not a “hard” /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of gruger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | gruger | avoir grugé | |||||
| gerund | en grugeant | en ayant grugé | |||||
| present participle | grugeant /ɡʁy.ʒɑ̃/ |
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| past participle | grugé /ɡʁy.ʒe/ |
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| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | gruge /ɡʁyʒ/ |
gruges /ɡʁyʒ/ |
gruge /ɡʁyʒ/ |
grugeons /ɡʁy.ʒɔ̃/ |
grugez /ɡʁy.ʒe/ |
grugent /ɡʁyʒ/ |
| imperfect | grugeais /ɡʁy.ʒɛ/ |
grugeais /ɡʁy.ʒɛ/ |
grugeait /ɡʁy.ʒɛ/ |
grugions /ɡʁy.ʒjɔ̃/ |
grugiez /ɡʁy.ʒje/ |
grugeaient /ɡʁy.ʒɛ/ |
|
| past historic1 | grugeai /ɡʁy.ʒe/ |
grugeas /ɡʁy.ʒa/ |
grugea /ɡʁy.ʒa/ |
grugeâmes /ɡʁy.ʒam/ |
grugeâtes /ɡʁy.ʒat/ |
grugèrent /ɡʁy.ʒɛʁ/ |
|
| future | grugerai /ɡʁyʒ.ʁe/ |
grugeras /ɡʁyʒ.ʁa/ |
grugera /ɡʁyʒ.ʁa/ |
grugerons /ɡʁyʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
grugerez /ɡʁyʒ.ʁe/ |
grugeront /ɡʁyʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
|
| conditional | grugerais /ɡʁyʒ.ʁɛ/ |
grugerais /ɡʁyʒ.ʁɛ/ |
grugerait /ɡʁyʒ.ʁɛ/ |
grugerions /ɡʁy.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
grugeriez /ɡʁy.ʒə.ʁje/ |
grugeraient /ɡʁyʒ.ʁɛ/ |
|
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | gruge /ɡʁyʒ/ |
gruges /ɡʁyʒ/ |
gruge /ɡʁyʒ/ |
grugions /ɡʁy.ʒjɔ̃/ |
grugiez /ɡʁy.ʒje/ |
grugent /ɡʁyʒ/ |
| imperfect1 |
grugeasse /ɡʁy.ʒas/ |
grugeasses /ɡʁy.ʒas/ |
grugeât /ɡʁy.ʒa/ |
grugeassions /ɡʁy.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
grugeassiez /ɡʁy.ʒa.sje/ |
grugeassent /ɡʁy.ʒas/ |
|
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | gruge /ɡʁyʒ/ |
— | grugeons /ɡʁy.ʒɔ̃/ |
grugez /ɡʁy.ʒe/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||