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Definition 2024
hardir
hardir
Old French
Etymology
From the unattested Frankish verb *hartjan, from Proto-Germanic *harduz. Cognate with Modern English hard, Modern German hart, etc.
Verb
hardir
- to harden (make harder)
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of hardir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | hardir | avoir hardi | |||||
| gerund | en hardissant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | hardissant | ||||||
| past participle | hardi | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | hardis | hardis | hardist | hardissons | hardissez | hardissent |
| imperfect | hardissoie, hardisseie | hardissoies, hardisseies | hardissoit, hardisseit | hardissiiens, hardissiens | hardissiiez, hardissiez | hardissoient, hardisseient | |
| preterite | hardi | hardis | hardi | hardimes | hardistes | hardirent | |
| future | hardirai | hardiras | hardira | hardirons | hardiroiz, hardireiz, hardirez | hardiront | |
| conditional | hardiroie, hardireie | hardiroies, hardireies | hardiroit, hardireit | hardiriiens, hardiriens | hardiriiez, hardiriez | hardiroient, hardireient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | hardisse | hardisses | hardisse | hardissons | hardissez | hardissent |
| imperfect | hardisse | hardisses | hardist | hardissons, hardissiens | hardissoiz, hardissez, hardissiez | hardissent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | hardis | — | hardissons | hardissez | — | ||
Related terms
References
- (fr) Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (hardir)