Sogdian

Alternative forms

• qʾγδʾ (Manichaean)

Noun

kʾγδʾ ‎(kāγaδā)

1. paper

Derived terms

• kʾγδyʾk ‎(kāγaδyāk, “of paper”)
• kʾγδʾkh ‎(kāγaδāk, “paper”)

Descendants

• → Persian: کاغذ ‎(kâğaz), قاغذ ‎(qâğaz)
  • Tajik: коғаз ‎(koġaz)
  • → Arabic: كاغد ‎(kāḡad, kāḡid)
  • → Abkhaz: a-қьаад ‎(a-k̍āād)
  • → Baluchi: کاگد ‎(kágad)
  • → Bengali: কাগজ ‎(kagôj)
  • → Georgian: ქაღალდი ‎(kaɣaldi)
  • → Gujarati: કાગળ ‎(kāgaḷ)
  • → Hindustani:
    • Hindi: काग़ज़ ‎(kāġaz)
    • Urdu: کاغذ ‎(kāġaz)
  • → Kannada: ಕಾಗದ ‎(kāgada)
  • → Kurdish:
    • Northern Kurdish: kaxez
    • Central Kurdish: کاغەز ‎(kaẍez), کاغەذ ‎(kaẍez), قاقەز ‎(qaqez)
  • → Malayalam: കടലാസ് ‎(kaṭalās)
  • → Marathi: कागद ‎(kāgad)
  • → Mingrelian: ქაღარდი ‎(kaɣardi), ქარღადი ‎(karɣadi)
  • → Nepali: कागज ‎(kāgaja)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: كاغذ ‎(kâgaz)
  • → Rajasthani: कागद ‎(kāgad)
  • → Sindhi: ڪاغذ ‎(kāḡaz)
  • → Svan: ქაღალთ ‎(kaɣalt)
  • → Tamil: காகிதம் ‎(kākitam)
  • → Telugu: కాగితము ‎(kāgitamu)
• → Turkic:
  • Azeri: کاغیز / kağız / кағыз
  • Bashkir: ҡағыҙ ‎(qağïð)
  • Crimean Tatar: kâğıt
  • Karachay-Balkar: къагъыт
  • Kazakh: қағаз ‎(qağaz)
  • Kumyk: кагъыз ‎(kağız)
  • Kyrgyz: кагаз ‎(kagaz)
  • Tatar: кәгазь ‎(käğaz’)
  • Turkish: kâğıt
  • Turkmen: kagyz
  • Uyghur: قەغەز ‎(qeghez)
  • Uzbek: qogʻoz
  • → Maghrebi Arabic:
    • Algerian Arabic: كاغط
      • → Kabyle: lkaɣeḍ
    • Libyan Arabic: كاغط ‎(kāǧəţ)
    • Moroccan Arabic: كاغط ‎(káḡiṭ)
  • → Ossetian:
    • Iron: гӕххӕ́тт ‎(gæxxǽtt), гӕххӕт ‎(gæxxæt)
    • Digor: гӕгъӕди ‎(gæǧædi) (possibly via Georgian)

References

• B. Gharib (2013), "Sogdian language i. Loanwords in Persian", Encyclopædia Iranica
• Gharib, B. (1995), “kʾγδʾ”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 185b
• Abajev, V. I. (1958) Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ osetinskovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow, Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, page 517
• "Kāghad" in Cl. Huart, A. Grohmann (1997), Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd edition, volume 4: Iran-Kha, edited by C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, B. Lewis and Ch. Pellat, assisted by C. Dumont, M. Paterson and F. Th. Dijkema, M., Leiden: E. J. Brill, ISBN 90-04-05745-5, page 419b
• TITUS