Definify.com
Definition 2025
kalvaa
kalvaa
Finnish
(index ka)
Verb
kalvaa
- (intransitive) to gnaw
- (intransitive) to chafe, rub
- (intransitive, figuratively) to gnaw, nag, bother, gall
Conjugation
| Inflection of kalvaa (Kotus type 56/kaivaa, no gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kalvan | en kalva | 1st sing. | olen kalvanut | en ole kalvanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kalvat | et kalva | 2nd sing. | olet kalvanut | et ole kalvanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kalvaa | ei kalva | 3rd sing. | on kalvanut | ei ole kalvanut | |
| 1st plur. | kalvamme | emme kalva | 1st plur. | olemme kalvaneet | emme ole kalvaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kalvatte | ette kalva | 2nd plur. | olette kalvaneet | ette ole kalvaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kalvavat | eivät kalva | 3rd plur. | ovat kalvaneet | eivät ole kalvaneet | |
| passive | kalvetaan | ei kalveta | passive | on kalvettu | ei ole kalvettu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kalvoin | en kalvanut | 1st sing. | olin kalvanut | en ollut kalvanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kalvoit | et kalvanut | 2nd sing. | olit kalvanut | et ollut kalvanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kalvoi | ei kalvanut | 3rd sing. | oli kalvanut | ei ollut kalvanut | |
| 1st plur. | kalvoimme | emme kalvaneet | 1st plur. | olimme kalvaneet | emme olleet kalvaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kalvoitte | ette kalvaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kalvaneet | ette olleet kalvaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kalvoivat | eivät kalvaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kalvaneet | eivät olleet kalvaneet | |
| passive | kalvettiin | ei kalvettu | passive | oli kalvettu | ei ollut kalvettu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kalvaisin | en kalvaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kalvanut | en olisi kalvanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kalvaisit | et kalvaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kalvanut | et olisi kalvanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kalvaisi | ei kalvaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kalvanut | ei olisi kalvanut | |
| 1st plur. | kalvaisimme | emme kalvaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kalvaneet | emme olisi kalvaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kalvaisitte | ette kalvaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kalvaneet | ette olisi kalvaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kalvaisivat | eivät kalvaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kalvaneet | eivät olisi kalvaneet | |
| passive | kalvettaisiin | ei kalvettaisi | passive | olisi kalvettu | ei olisi kalvettu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | kalva | älä kalva | 2nd sing. | ole kalvanut | älä ole kalvanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kalvakoon | älköön kalvako | 3rd sing. | olkoon kalvanut | älköön olko kalvanut | |
| 1st plur. | kalvakaamme | älkäämme kalvako | 1st plur. | olkaamme kalvaneet | älkäämme olko kalvaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kalvakaa | älkää kalvako | 2nd plur. | olkaa kalvaneet | älkää olko kalvaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kalvakoot | älkööt kalvako | 3rd plur. | olkoot kalvaneet | älkööt olko kalvaneet | |
| passive | kalvettakoon | älköön kalvettako | passive | olkoon kalvettu | älköön olko kalvettu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kalvanen | en kalvane | 1st sing. | lienen kalvanut | en liene kalvanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kalvanet | et kalvane | 2nd sing. | lienet kalvanut | et liene kalvanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kalvanee | ei kalvane | 3rd sing. | lienee kalvanut | ei liene kalvanut | |
| 1st plur. | kalvanemme | emme kalvane | 1st plur. | lienemme kalvaneet | emme liene kalvaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kalvanette | ette kalvane | 2nd plur. | lienette kalvaneet | ette liene kalvaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kalvanevat | eivät kalvane | 3rd plur. | lienevät kalvaneet | eivät liene kalvaneet | |
| passive | kalvettaneen | ei kalvettane | passive | lienee kalvettu | ei liene kalvettu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | kalvaa | present | kalvava | kalvettava | ||
| long 1st2 | kalvaakseen | past | kalvanut | kalvettu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | kalvaessa | kalvettaessa | agent1, 3 | kalvama | |
| instructive | kalvaen | — | negative | kalvamaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | kalvamassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. |
||
| elative | kalvamasta | — | ||||
| illative | kalvamaan | — | ||||
| adessive | kalvamalla | — | ||||
| abessive | kalvamatta | — | ||||
| instructive | kalvaman | kalvettaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | kalvaminen | ||||
| partitive | kalvamista | |||||
| 5th2 | kalvamaisillaan | |||||
Synonyms
- (to gnaw, nag, bother, gall) jäytää