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Definition 2024
se_plaindre
plaindre
French
Verb
plaindre
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in ‘t’ instead of a vowel.
Conjugation of plaindre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | plaindre | avoir plaint | |||||
| gerund | en plaignant | en ayant plaint | |||||
| present participle | plaignant /plɛ.ɲɑ̃/ |
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| past participle | plaint /plɛ̃/ |
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| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | plains /plɛ̃/ |
plains /plɛ̃/ |
plaint /plɛ̃/ |
plaignons /plɛ.ɲɔ̃/ |
plaignez /plɛ.ɲe/ |
plaignent /plɛɲ/ |
| imperfect | plaignais /plɛ.ɲɛ/ |
plaignais /plɛ.ɲɛ/ |
plaignait /plɛ.ɲɛ/ |
plaignions /plɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ |
plaigniez /plɛ.ɲje/ |
plaignaient /plɛ.ɲɛ/ |
|
| past historic1 | plaignis /plɛ.ɲi/ |
plaignis /plɛ.ɲi/ |
plaignit /plɛ.ɲi/ |
plaignîmes /plɛ.ɲim/ |
plaignîtes /plɛ.ɲit/ |
plaignirent /plɛ.ɲiʁ/ |
|
| future | plaindrai /plɛ̃.dʁe/ |
plaindras /plɛ̃.dʁa/ |
plaindra /plɛ̃.dʁa/ |
plaindrons /plɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
plaindrez /plɛ̃.dʁe/ |
plaindront /plɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
|
| conditional | plaindrais /plɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
plaindrais /plɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
plaindrait /plɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
plaindrions /plɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ |
plaindriez /plɛ̃.dʁi.je/ |
plaindraient /plɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
|
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | plaigne /plɛɲ/ |
plaignes /plɛɲ/ |
plaigne /plɛɲ/ |
plaignions /plɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ |
plaigniez /plɛ.ɲje/ |
plaignent /plɛɲ/ |
| imperfect1 |
plaignisse /plɛ.ɲis/ |
plaignisses /plɛ.ɲis/ |
plaignît /plɛ.ɲi/ |
plaignissions /plɛ.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ |
plaignissiez /plɛ.ɲi.sje/ |
plaignissent /plɛ.ɲis/ |
|
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | plains /plɛ̃/ |
— | plaignons /plɛ.ɲɔ̃/ |
plaignez /plɛ.ɲe/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Old French
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Latin plangere, present active infinitive of plangō.
Verb
plaindre
- (reflexive, se plaindre) to cry; to weep
- circa 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:
-
Mult oïssiez plorer e plaindre.
- There was much crying and wailing.
-
Mult oïssiez plorer e plaindre.
-
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb ends in a palatal stem, so there is an extra i before the e of some endings. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of plaindre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | plaindre | avoir plaint | |||||
| gerund | en plaignant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | plaignant | ||||||
| past participle | plaint | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | plaing | plainz | plaint | plaignons | plaigniez | plaignent |
| imperfect | plaignoie, plaigneie | plaignoies, plaigneies | plaignoit, plaigneit | plaigniiens, plaigniens | plaigniiez, plaigniez | plaignoient, plaigneient | |
| preterite | plains | plainsis | plainst | plainsimes | plainsistes | plainstrent | |
| future | plaindrai | plaindras | plaindra | plaindrons | plaindroiz, plaindreiz, plaindrez | plaindront | |
| conditional | plaindroie, plaindreie | plaindroies, plaindreies | plaindroit, plaindreit | plaindriiens, plaindriens | plaindriiez, plaindriez | plaindroient, plaindreient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | plaigne, plange | plaignes, planges | plaigne, plange | plaigniens, plaignons, plangiens, planjons | plaigniez, plangiez | plaignent, plangent |
| imperfect | plainsisse | plainsisses | plainsist | plainsissons, plainsissiens | plainsissoiz, plainsissez, plainsissiez | plainsissent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | plaing | — | plaignons | plaigniez | — | ||