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Definition 2024
surnager
surnager
French
Verb
surnager
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written surnage- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a “soft” /ʒ/ and not a “hard” /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of surnager (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | surnager | avoir surnagé | |||||
| gerund | en surnageant | en ayant surnagé | |||||
| present participle | surnageant /syʁ.na.ʒɑ̃/ |
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| past participle | surnagé /syʁ.na.ʒe/ |
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| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | surnage /syʁ.naʒ/ |
surnages /syʁ.naʒ/ |
surnage /syʁ.naʒ/ |
surnageons /syʁ.na.ʒɔ̃/ |
surnagez /syʁ.na.ʒe/ |
surnagent /syʁ.naʒ/ |
| imperfect | surnageais /syʁ.na.ʒɛ/ |
surnageais /syʁ.na.ʒɛ/ |
surnageait /syʁ.na.ʒɛ/ |
surnagions /syʁ.na.ʒjɔ̃/ |
surnagiez /syʁ.na.ʒje/ |
surnageaient /syʁ.na.ʒɛ/ |
|
| past historic1 | surnageai /syʁ.na.ʒe/ |
surnageas /syʁ.na.ʒa/ |
surnagea /syʁ.na.ʒa/ |
surnageâmes /syʁ.na.ʒam/ |
surnageâtes /syʁ.na.ʒat/ |
surnagèrent /syʁ.na.ʒɛʁ/ |
|
| future | surnagerai /syʁ.naʒ.ʁe/ |
surnageras /syʁ.naʒ.ʁa/ |
surnagera /syʁ.naʒ.ʁa/ |
surnagerons /syʁ.naʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
surnagerez /syʁ.naʒ.ʁe/ |
surnageront /syʁ.naʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
|
| conditional | surnagerais /syʁ.naʒ.ʁɛ/ |
surnagerais /syʁ.naʒ.ʁɛ/ |
surnagerait /syʁ.naʒ.ʁɛ/ |
surnagerions /syʁ.na.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
surnageriez /syʁ.na.ʒə.ʁje/ |
surnageraient /syʁ.naʒ.ʁɛ/ |
|
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | surnage /syʁ.naʒ/ |
surnages /syʁ.naʒ/ |
surnage /syʁ.naʒ/ |
surnagions /syʁ.na.ʒjɔ̃/ |
surnagiez /syʁ.na.ʒje/ |
surnagent /syʁ.naʒ/ |
| imperfect1 |
surnageasse /syʁ.na.ʒas/ |
surnageasses /syʁ.na.ʒas/ |
surnageât /syʁ.na.ʒa/ |
surnageassions /syʁ.na.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
surnageassiez /syʁ.na.ʒa.sje/ |
surnageassent /syʁ.na.ʒas/ |
|
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | surnage /syʁ.naʒ/ |
— | surnageons /syʁ.na.ʒɔ̃/ |
surnagez /syʁ.na.ʒe/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||