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Definition 2024
εἰμί
εἰμί
See also: εἶμι
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Verb
εἰμί • (eimí)
- To be, exist; (of persons) live
- (of events) To happen
- To be the case
- (copulative) To be [+nominative = something, someone]
- (third person, impersonal) it is possible [+infinitive = that ...]
- Participle ὤν (ṓn): actual, real
- Neuter participle ὄν (ón) as substantive: reality
- Neuter dative singular of the participle τῷ ὄντι (tôi ónti) as adverb: in fact, in reality
Inflection
Present: εἰμί
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | εἰμί | εἶ | ἐστί/ἐστίν | ἐστόν | ἐστόν | ἐσμέν | ἐστέ | εἰσί/εἰσίν | ||||
| subjunctive | ὦ | ᾖς | ᾖ | ἦτον | ἦτον | ὦμεν | ἦτε | ὦσι/ὦσιν | |||||
| optative | εἴην | εἴης | εἴη | εἴητον/εἶτον | εἰήτην/εἴτην | εἴημεν/εἶμεν | εἴητε/εἶτε | εἴησαν/εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | ἴσθι | ἔστω | ἔστον | ἔστων | ἔστε | ἔστων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | εἶναι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ὤν | |||||||||||
| f | οὖσα | ||||||||||||
| n | ὄν | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | εἰμί | ἐσσί/εἶς | ἐστί/ἐστίν | ἐστόν | ἐστόν | εἰμέν | ἐστέ | εἰσί/ἔᾱσι | ||||
| subjunctive | ἔω/-είω | ᾖς | ἔῃ/ἔῃσι/ᾖσι | ἦτε | ἔωσι/ὦσι/ὦσιν | ||||||||
| optative | εἴην | εἴης/ἔοις/ἔοι | εἴη | εἴητον/εἶτον | εἰήτην/εἴτην | εἴημεν/εἶμεν | εἴητε/εἶτε | εἴησαν/εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | ἔσσο | ἔστω | ἔστον | ἔστων | ἔστε | ἔστων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | εἶναι/ἔμμεναι/ἔμεναι/ἔμμεν/ἔμεν | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἐών/ὤν | |||||||||||
| f | ἐοῦσα/οὖσα | ||||||||||||
| n | ἐόν/ὄν | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἦα/ἔᾱ/ἔον/ἔσκον | ἔησθα/ἦσθα | ἦεν/ἔην/ἤην/ἦν/ἔσκε | ἤστον | ἤστην | ἦμεν | ἦτε | ἦσαν/ἔσαν | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἔσομαι | ἔσῃ, ἔσει |
ἔσται | ἔσεσθον | ἔσεσθον | ἐσόμεθᾰ | ἔσεσθε | ἔσονται | ||||
| optative | ἐσοίμην | ἔσοιο | ἔσοιτο | ἔσοισθον | ἐσοίσθην | ἐσοίμεθᾰ | ἔσοισθε | ἔσοιντο | |||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἔσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἐσόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | ἐσομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἐσόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἔσομαι/ἔσσομαι | ἔσῃ, ἔσει |
ἔσεται/ἔσται/ἔσσεται/ἐσσεῖται | ἔσεσθον | ἔσεσθον | ἐσόμεθᾰ | ἔσεσθε | ἔσονται | ||||
| optative | ἐσοίμην | ἔσοιο | ἔσοιτο | ἔσοισθον | ἐσοίσθην | ἐσοίμεθᾰ | ἔσοισθε | ἔσοιντο | |||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἔσσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἐσσόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | |||||||||||||
| n | ἐσσόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Synonyms
- (it is possible): ἔξεστι (éxesti)
Derived terms
Terms derived from εἰμί (eimí)
Descendants
- Greek: είμαι (eímai)
References
- εἰμί in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- εἰμί in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- εἰμί in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- «εἰμί» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- «εἰμί» in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- «εἰμί» in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (© 2006–2016)
- εἰμί in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- “G1510”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
- Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920), “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 768, 768 D