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Definition 2024
את
את
See also: Appendix:Variations of "at" and Appendix:Variations of "ot"
Aramaic
Pronoun
אַתְּ • (ʾatt) m sg (plural אַתּוּן (ʾattūn), feminine אַתִּי (ʾattī) or אַתְּ (ʾatt), feminine plural אַתֵּין (ʾattēn))
- Alternative form of אַנְתְּ (ʾant)
Etymology 2
Pronoun
אַתְּ • (ʾatt) f sg
- feminine singular of אַתְּ (ʾatt)
Hebrew
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA(key): /et/
- (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA(key): /eɪs/, /ɛs/
Preposition
אֵת, אֶת־ • (et, et-)
- Used to introduce a semantically definite direct object.
Usage notes
- In the event of a semantically indefinite direct object, את is simply dropped; no other preposition is used instead. Note that the choice to include or not include את is based on semantics rather than form; את is used when the direct object is a proper noun, or a personal pronoun (in which case it is incorporated into the form of את), or a noun phrase beginning with ה־ (ha-, “the”), or a noun phrase headed by a noun compound ending in one of these.
Inflection
Inflection table (direct object marker)
| Non-personal-pronoun-including form | את (et) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personal-pronoun- including forms |
Singular | Plural | ||
| Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | |
| First person | אותי (otí) | אותנו (otánu) | ||
| Second person | אותך (otkhá) | אותך (otákh) |
אתכם (etkhém), אותכם (otkhém)1 |
אתכן (etkhén), אותכן (otkhén)1 |
| Third person | אותו (otó) | אותה (otáh) | אותם (otám) | אותן (otán) |
| Notes |
1. The forms etkhém and etkhén are considered more correct, but the forms otkhém and otkhén are more common in everyday usage. |
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Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA(key): /et/
- (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA(key): /eɪs/, /ɛs/
Preposition
אֵת, אֶת־ • (et, et-) [pattern: קֵטֶל]
- (archaic) To, with.
- 2015 September 29, Ran Boker, “לונדון את קירשנבאום תשודר כמו בימי חייו של מוטי (“London et Kirschenbaum will be broadcasted like [the way it was] in the lifetime of Moti”)”, in ynet:
- Genesis 39:2, with translation of the King James Version:
- וַיְהִי יְהוָה אֶת יוֹסֵף
- vayhi YHWH et Yosef
- And the LORD was with Joseph
- וַיְהִי יְהוָה אֶת יוֹסֵף
-
Usage notes
- The inflected forms of the otherwise archaic sense “to” or “with” are still used, but now belong to the (suppletive) preposition עִם (im, “with”).
- In modern sources, the separate use of אֵת as meaning 'with', is influenced more by romance et. (see quote above)
Inflection
Inflection table (archaic sense “to” or “with”)
| Non-personal-pronoun-including form | עִם (im), אֵת, אֶת־ (et, et-) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personal-pronoun- including forms |
Singular | Plural | ||
| Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | |
| First person | איתי \ אִתִּי (ití) | איתנו \ אִתָּנוּ (itánu) | ||
| Second person | איתך \ אִתְּךָ (itkhá) | איתך \ אִתָּךְ (itákh) | איתכם \ אִתְּכֶם (itkhém) | איתכן \ אִתְּכֶן (itkhén) |
| Third person | איתו \ אִתּוֹ (itó) | איתה \ אִתָּהּ (itáh) | איתם \ אִתָּם (itám) | איתן \ אִתָּן (itán) |
Etymology 3
Pronoun
אַתְּ • (át) f (Biblical Hebrew pausal form אָתְּ)
Usage notes
- In mishnaic sources, the masculine singular second person is inflicted exactly as the feminine singular second person should be, this is influnced by the aramaic אָתְּ (see above)
See also
Hebrew personal pronouns
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | אֲנִי (aní), אנוכי \ אָנֹכִי (anokhí)[PP 1] |
אֲנַחְנוּ (anákhnu), אָנוּ (ánu)[PP 2] |
||
| 2nd person | m | אַתָּה (atá) | אֲתֶּם (atém) | |
| f | אַתְּ (at) | אֲתֶּן (atén) | ||
| 3rd person | m | הוּא (hu) | הֵם (hem)[PP 3] | |
| f | הִיא (hi) | הֵן (hen)[PP 3] | ||
| ||||
Etymology 4
Noun
אֹת • (ot) m (plural אֹתֹת or אֹתוֹת)
- (rare, Biblical Hebrew) Defective spelling of אוֹת: sign.
Etymology 5
Noun
אֵת • (et) m (plural indefinite אִתִּים, singular construct אֵת־, plural construct אִתֵּי־)
Usage notes
- in addition to the pronunciation אִתִּים (itím) the plural is also pronounced אֵתִים (etím)