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Definition 2024

你

你

你 U+4F60, 你
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F60
← 佟
[U+4F5F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 佡 →
[U+4F61]
See also: 妳, 您, 祢, and 儞

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

你 (radical 9 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人弓火 (ONF), four-corner 27290 or 27292, composition ⿰亻尔)

References

  • KangXi: not present, would follow page 100, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 471
  • Dae Jaweon: page 205, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 137, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+4F60

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 你
alt. forms
 
伱
儞
伲
𤙌
汝 Min Nan
㚢 Hakka

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 你
Large seal script

L14036

L14037

L14038

L14039
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (large seal) and
  • Xu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (尔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
妳 *rneːlʔ
弥 *mnel
尒 *njelʔ
尔 *njelʔ
迩 *njelʔ
你 *nɯʔ
苶 *neːb, *njed, *neːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *nɯʔ) : 亻 + 尔.

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na-ŋ ‎(“you”).

Pronunciation

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 你
Reading # 1/1
No. 2769
Phonetic
component		 尔
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 伱
Old
Chinese		 /*nɯʔ/
Notes 爾汝音變

Definitions

你

  1. (informal) you (the person spoken to or written to)
    你好  ―  nǐhǎo  ―  hello
    你今天好嗎？ / 你今天好吗？  ―  Nǐ jīntiān hǎo ma?  ―  How are you today?
    我喜歡你。 / 我喜欢你。  ―  Wǒ xǐhuān nǐ.  ―  I like you.

Synonyms

  • 您 (nín, “you (polite)”)
  • 妳 (nǐ, “you (female)”)
Dialectal synonyms of 你 (“you (singular)”)
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 汝、爾
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 你
Mandarin Beijing 你、您
Jinan 你
Xi'an 你
Wuhan 你、你家
Chengdu 你
Yangzhou 你
Hefei 你
Cantonese Guangzhou 你
Hong Kong 你
Taishan 你
Yangjiang 你
Gan Nanchang 你
Hakka Meixian 你
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 你
Liudui (S. Sixian) 你
Hsinchu (Hailu) 你
Dongshi (Dabu) 你
Zhuolan (Raoping) 你
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 你
Jin Taiyuan 你
Min Bei Jian'ou 你
Min Dong Fuzhou 汝
Min Nan Quanzhou 汝
Xiamen 汝
Zhangzhou 汝
Taipei 汝
Kaohsiung 汝
Tainan 汝
Taichung 汝
Yilan 汝
Lukang 汝
Sanxia 汝
Kinmen 汝
Magong 汝
Hsinchu 汝
Malaysia 汝
Singapore 汝
Philippine 汝
Chaozhou 汝
Shantou 汝
Wu Shanghai 儂
Suzhou 倷
Wenzhou 你
Ningbo 儂、爾、爾儂、像儂、像爾
Xiang Changsha 你
Shuangfeng 你

Compounds

  • 一場官司一場火，任你好漢沒處躲／一场官司一场火，任你好汉没处躲
  • 不是你死，就是我活
  • 不是我，便是你
  • 不瞞你說／不瞒你说
  • 不說話，沒人當你是啞吧／不说话，没人当你是哑吧
  • 你三我四
  • 你丟我撿／你丢我捡
  • 你來我往／你来我往
  • 你們／你们 (nǐmen)
  • 你儂我儂／你侬我侬
  • 你咱
  • 你好 (nǐhǎo)
  • 你家
  • 你家的
  • 你我 (nǐwǒ)
  • 你推我擠／你推我挤
  • 你推我讓／你推我让
  • 你有千條妙計，我有一定之規／你有千条妙计，我有一定之规
  • 你東我西／你东我西
  • 你死我活 (nǐsǐwǒhuó)
  • 你爭我奪／你争我夺
  • 你生
  • 你知我見／你知我见
  • 你老
  • 你誇我逞／你夸我逞
  • 你謙我讓／你谦我让
  • 你追我趕／你追我赶
  • 你長我短／你长我短
  • 天知地知，你知我知
  • 有你沒我／有你没我
  • 有你的
  • 迷你 (mínǐ)
  • 迷你型計算機／迷你型计算机
  • 迷你玫瑰
  • 迷你盆景
  • 迷你裙 (mínǐqún)
  • 迷你豬／迷你猪
  • 迷你電腦／迷你电脑
  • 閻王叫你三更死，誰敢留人到五更／阎王叫你三更死，谁敢留人到五更

See also

Standard Chinese personal pronouns
Person Singular Plural
1st — 我 (wǒ) 我們／我们 (wǒmen)
inclusive 咱們／咱们 (zánmen)
2nd male/indefinite 你 你們／你们 (nǐmen)
female 妳／你 (nǐ) 妳們／你们 (nǐmen)
deity 祢 (nǐ) 祢們／祢们 (nǐmen)
polite 您 (nín) 你們／你们 (nǐmen)
您們／您们 (nínmen)
3rd male/indefinite 他 (tā) 他們／他们 (tāmen)
female 她 (tā) 她們／她们 (tāmen)
deity 祂 (tā) 祂們／祂们 (tāmen)
animal 牠／它 (tā) 牠們／它们 (tāmen)
inanimate 它 (tā) 它們／它们 (tāmen)

Japanese

Kanji

你

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

你 • ‎(ni) (hangeul 니, revised ni, McCune-Reischauer ni)

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Vietnamese

Han character

你 (nể, né, nẻ, nệ, nễ)

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References

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