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Definition 2024

凶

凶

凶 U+51F6, 凶
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51F6
← 凵
[U+51F5] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 凷 →
[U+51F7]
See also: 兇

Translingual

Han character

凶 (radical 17 凵+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 山大 (UK), four-corner 22770, composition ⿶凵㐅)

  1. culprit, sinister
  2. murder
  3. fierce, violent
  4. bad
  5. sad

References

  • KangXi: page 135, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1803
  • Dae Jaweon: page 300, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 306, character 19
  • Unihan data for U+51F6

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 凶
Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
Large seal script

L30005

L00905

L00906

L00907

L00908

L00909
Small seal script

s05171
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (large seal) and
  • Xu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (凶) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
酗 *qʰos
凶 *qʰoŋ
匈 *qʰoŋ
兇 *qʰoŋ, *qʰoŋʔ
訩 *qʰoŋ
胸 *qʰoŋ
胷 *qʰoŋ
洶 *qʰoŋ, *qʰoŋʔ
恟 *qʰoŋ
詾 *qʰoŋ, *qʰoŋʔ

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
 凶
alt. forms 㐫
㓙
兇／凶

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 凶
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 許容切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /hɨoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /hioŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /xioŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /huawŋ/
Li
Rong		 /xioŋ/
Wang
Li		 /xĭwoŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /xi̯woŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xiōng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 凶
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 xiōng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ xjowng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*qʰ(r)oŋ/
English unlucky

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 凶
Reading # 1/1
No. 13889
Phonetic
component		 凶
Rime
group		 東
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 胷
Old
Chinese		 /*qʰoŋ/

Definitions

凶

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 凶 – see 兇.
(This character, 凶, is the simplified form of 兇.)
Notes:

References

Japanese

Noun

凶 ‎(hiragana きょう, romaji kyō)

  1. ill fortune

Alternative forms

Kanji

凶

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. ill fortune

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

凶 • ‎(hyung) (hangeul 흉, revised hyung, McCune-Reischauer hyung, Yale hyung)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

凶 (hung)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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