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Definition 2025

愆

愆

Translingual

Han character

愆 (radical 61 心+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓心 (HNP), four-corner 2133₂, composition ⿱衍心)

References

KangXi: page 393, character 35

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10900

Dae Jaweon: page 730, character 9

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2322, character 14

Unihan data for U+6106

Chinese

simp. and trad.		愆

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (衍) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
愆	*kʰran
衍	lanʔ, lans

Pronunciation

Mandarin

(Pinyin): qiān (qian¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hin¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
  - Pinyin: qiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ
  - Wade-Giles: ch'ien¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chian
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: hin¹
  - Yale: hīn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hin¹
  - IPA ^(key): /hiːn⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kʰˠiᴇn/▼

Rime
Character	愆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	仙 (79)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	Chongniu III
Fanqie	去乾切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠiᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰᵚiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰian/
Li Rong	/kʰjɛn/
Wang Li	/kʰĭɛn/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰi̯ɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiān

Old Chinese▼

(Baxter-Sagart): /*C.qʰra[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰran/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	愆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qiān
Middle Chinese	‹ khjen ›
Old Chinese	/*C.qʰra[n]/
English	exceed, err
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	愆
Reading #	1/1
No.	14375
Phonetic component	衍
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	愆
Old Chinese	/*kʰran/

Definitions

愆

fault, mistake, error, transgression

Japanese

Kanji

愆

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On: けん (ken)

Kun: あやまる (ayamaru)

Korean

Hanja

愆 • ‎(geon) (hangeul 건, revised geon, McCune-Reischauer kŏn, Yale ken)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

Hán Việt: khiền

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