Definify.com

Definition 2024

腎

腎

See also: 肾

Translingual

Han character

腎 (radical 130 肉+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 尸水月 (SEB), four-corner 77227)

Descendants

References

  • KangXi: page 987, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29621
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1439, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2086, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+814E

Chinese

trad. 腎
simp. 肾

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (臣) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
臤 *kʰaːn, *kʰriːn, *ɡiːn, *kʰins
掔 *kʰriːn, *kʰiːn
慳 *kʰriːn
藖 *ɡriːn, *ɡriːns
堅 *kiːn
鋻 *kiːn, *kiːns
鰹 *kiːn
蜸 *kʰiːnʔ
菣 *kʰiːns, *kʰins
賢 *ɡiːn
礥 *ɡiːn, *ɢrin
臔 *ɡiːnʔ
挋 *kiŋs
臣 *ɡiŋ
茞 *ɡiŋ
腎 *ɡjinʔ
頣 *hŋiŋʔ
緊 *kinʔ
嚚 *ŋɡriŋ
鏗 *kʰreːŋ
摼 *kʰreːŋ
硻 *kʰreːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡjinʔ) : phonetic 臤 ‎(OC *kʰaːn, *kʰriːn, *ɡiːn, *kʰins) + semantic ⺼ ‎(“meat, body part”) – a body part, the kidneys.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 腎
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 時忍切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ʑiɪnX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡ʑinX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡ʑjenX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡ʑinX/
Li
Rong		 /ʑiĕnX/
Wang
Li		 /ʑĭĕnX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʑi̯ĕnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shèn
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 腎
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shèn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzyinX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*Cə.[ɡ]i[n]ʔ/
English kidney

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 腎
Reading # 1/1
No. 1344
Phonetic
component		 臣
Rime
group		 眞
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 腎
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡjinʔ/

Definitions

腎

  1. (anatomy) kidney

Synonyms

Compounds

  • 腎臟／肾脏 (shènzàng)
  • 腎臟癌／肾脏癌
  • 腎虧／肾亏
  • 補腎／补肾
  • 雕肝琢腎／雕肝琢肾
  • 雕肝鏤腎／雕肝镂肾

Japanese

Etymology 1

/murato1/ → /murato/.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [murato]

Noun

腎 ‎(hiragana むらと, romaji murato)

  1. kidney

Etymology 2

From earlier /murato/. Voicing suggests that it was originally a compound of mura and to.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [murado]

Noun

腎 ‎(hiragana むらど, romaji murado)

  1. kidney
    • 931–938, Wamyō Ruijushō, book 2, page 35-36:
      腎 白虎通云 時忍反 上聲之重 无良度 [...] 水之精也 色黑 [...] 水藏也 [...]

Etymology 3

Kanji

腎

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Readings
Compounds

References

Korean

Hanja

腎 • ‎(sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune-Reischauer sin, Yale sin)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

腎 (thận)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Similar Results