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Definition 2025

霜

霜

Translingual

Han character

霜 (radical 173 雨+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 一月木月山 (MBDBU), four-corner 10963, composition ⿱雨相)

  1. frost
  2. crystallized
  3. candied

References

  • KangXi: page 1376, character 29
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42363
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1885, character 24
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4070, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+971C

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 霜

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (相) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
相 *slaŋ, *slaŋs
廂 *slaŋ
湘 *slaŋ
緗 *slaŋ
箱 *slaŋ
葙 *slaŋ
想 *slaŋʔ
霜 *sraŋ
孀 *sraŋ
鸘 *sraŋ
驦 *sraŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sraŋ) : semantic 雨 ‎(“rain”) + phonetic 相 ‎(OC *slaŋ, *slaŋs).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 霜
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 生 (21)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 色莊切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʃɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʃiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʃiɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʂɨaŋ/
Li
Rong		 /ʃiaŋ/
Wang
Li		 /ʃĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʂi̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shuāng
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 霜
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shuāng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ srjang ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[s]raŋ/
English hoar-frost

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 霜
Reading # 1/1
No. 13587
Phonetic
component		 相
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 霜
Old
Chinese		 /*sraŋ/

Definitions

霜

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Compounds

  • 貴霜／贵霜
  • 星霜 (xīngshuāng)
  • 霜雪 (shuāngxuě)

Japanese

Kanji

霜

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

霜 • ‎(sang) (hangeul 상, revised sang, McCune-Reischauer sang, Yale sang)

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Vietnamese

Han character

霜 (sương)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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