Latin

Noun

Īus

1. genitive singular of Īo

Latin

Alternative forms

• jūs

Noun

iūs n ‎(genitive iūris); third declension

1. law, right, duty

   Jus summum saepe summa est malitia (The highest law is often the greatest roguery) — Terence Heautontimorumenos 4.5.43 (translation Benham's Book of Quotations 1948)

2. court of law

Inflection

Third declension neuter.

Derived terms

• iūrgō
• iūrō
• iūs prīmae noctis
• iūstus
• periūrus

Descendants

• English: jury, jurisprudence
• German: Jura, Jus

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *yows-, from *yew- ‎(“to mix (of meal preparation)”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ζῦθος ‎(zûthos), ζύμη ‎(zúmē), ζωμός ‎(zōmós), Proto-Germanic *justaz (whence Old Norse ostr), Proto-Slavic *juxa (whence Polish jucha, Russian уха ‎(uxa)).

Noun

iūs n ‎(genitive iūris); third declension

1. gravy
2. broth
3. sauce

Inflection

Third declension neuter.

Derived terms

• iūrulentus
• iūsculum

Descendants

• English: juice
  • Swedish: juice
• Faroese: djús
• French: jus
  • Swedish: sky
• Icelandic: djús
• Slovak: džús

References

• ius in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• IUS in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• Félix Gaffiot (1934), “ius”, in Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Paris: Hachette.
• Meissner, Carl; Auden, Henry William (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to have become independent, be no longer a minor: sui iuris factum esse
    
  • to teach some one letters: erudire aliquem artibus, litteris (but erudire aliquem in iure civili, in re militari)
    
  • to grant a people its independence: populum liberum esse, libertate uti, sui iuris esse pati
    
  • to administer justice (said of the praetor): ius dicere
    
  • to administer justice (said of the praetor): ius reddere (Liv. 3. 33)
    
  • to assert one's right: ius suum persequi
    
  • to obtain justice: ius suum adipisci (Liv. 1. 32. 10)
    
  • to maintain one's right: ius suum tenere, obtinere
    
  • to waive one's right: de iure suo decedere or cedere
    
  • to go to law with a person: (ex) iure, lege agere cum aliquo
    
  • to proceed against some one with the utmost rigour of the law; to strain the law in one's favour: summo iure agere cum aliquo (cf. summum ius, summa iniuria)
    
  • to summon some one before the court: in ius, in iudicium vocare aliquem
    
  • a sound judicial system: aequa iuris descriptio (Off. 2. 4. 15)
    
  • to live with some one on an equal footing: aequo iure vivere cum aliquo
    
  • to reduce law to a system: ius ad artem redigere
    
  • absence of justice: ius nullum
    
  • to trample all law under foot: ius ac fas omne delere
    
  • against all law, human and divine: contra ius fasque
    
  • with full right: optimo iure
    
  • prerogative, privilege: ius praecipuum, beneficium, donum, also immunitas c. Gen.
    
  • to violate the law of nations: ius gentium violare
    
  • quite rightly: et recte (iure, merito)
    
  • quite rightly: et recte (iure) quidem
    
  • quite rightly: recte, iure id quidem
    
  • with perfect right: meo (tuo, suo) iure
    
  • with perfect right: iusto iure
    
  • legitimately; with the fullest right: optimo iure (cf. summo iure, sect. XV. 1).
    
  • (ambiguous) to give the state a constitution: civitati leges, iudicia, iura describere
    
  • (ambiguous) anarchy reigns supreme: omnia divina humanaque iura permiscentur (B. C. 1. 6. 8)
    
  • (ambiguous) to trample all law under foot: omnia iura pervertere
    
• ius in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 507