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Definition 2024
punir
punir
Catalan
Verb
punir (first-person singular present puneixo, past participle punit)
- to punish
Conjugation
Conjugation of punir (third conjugation with -eix- infix)
| infinitive | punir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | punint | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | punit | punida | |||||
| plural | punits | punides | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès |
|
| present | puneixo | puneixes | puneix | punim | puniu | puneixen | |
| imperfect | punia | punies | punia | puníem | puníeu | punien | |
| future | puniré | puniràs | punirà | punirem | punireu | puniran | |
| preterite | puní | punires | puní | punírem | puníreu | puniren | |
| conditional | puniria | puniries | puniria | puniríem | puniríeu | punirien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès |
|
| present | puneixi | puneixis | puneixi | punim | puniu | puneixin | |
| imperfect | punís | punissis | punís | puníssim | puníssiu | punissin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
| — | puneix | puneixi | punim | puniu | puneixin | ||
French
Etymology
From Middle French, from Old French punir, from Latin pūnīre, present active infinitive of pūniō. May have been borrowed due to its late appearance.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /py.niʁ/
Verb
punir
- to punish
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of punir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | punir | avoir puni | |||||
| gerund | en punissant | en ayant puni | |||||
| present participle | punissant /py.ni.sɑ̃/ |
||||||
| past participle | puni /py.ni/ |
||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | punis /py.ni/ |
punis /py.ni/ |
punit /py.ni/ |
punissons /py.ni.sɔ̃/ |
punissez /py.ni.se/ |
punissent /py.nis/ |
| imperfect | punissais /py.ni.sɛ/ |
punissais /py.ni.sɛ/ |
punissait /py.ni.sɛ/ |
punissions /py.ni.sjɔ̃/ |
punissiez /py.ni.sje/ |
punissaient /py.ni.sɛ/ |
|
| past historic1 | punis /py.ni/ |
punis /py.ni/ |
punit /py.ni/ |
punîmes /py.nim/ |
punîtes /py.nit/ |
punirent /py.niʁ/ |
|
| future | punirai /py.ni.ʁe/ |
puniras /py.ni.ʁa/ |
punira /py.ni.ʁa/ |
punirons /py.ni.ʁɔ̃/ |
punirez /py.ni.ʁe/ |
puniront /py.ni.ʁɔ̃/ |
|
| conditional | punirais /py.ni.ʁɛ/ |
punirais /py.ni.ʁɛ/ |
punirait /py.ni.ʁɛ/ |
punirions /py.ni.ʁjɔ̃/ |
puniriez /py.ni.ʁje/ |
puniraient /py.ni.ʁɛ/ |
|
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | punisse /py.nis/ |
punisses /py.nis/ |
punisse /py.nis/ |
punissions /py.ni.sjɔ̃/ |
punissiez /py.ni.sje/ |
punissent /py.nis/ |
| imperfect1 |
punisse /py.nis/ |
punisses /py.nis/ |
punît /py.ni/ |
punissions /py.ni.sjɔ̃/ |
punissiez /py.ni.sje/ |
punissent /py.nis/ |
|
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | punis /py.ni/ |
— | punissons /py.ni.sɔ̃/ |
punissez /py.ni.se/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Related terms
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French punir, from Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.
Verb
punir
- to punish
Descendants
- French: punir
Occitan
Etymology
From Old Provençal punir, from Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.
Verb
punir
- to punish
Old French
Etymology
From Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.
Verb
punir
- to punish
Descendants
Old Provençal
Etymology
From Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.
Verb
punir
- to punish
Descendants
Portuguese
Etymology
From Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.
Verb
punir (first-person singular present indicative puno, past participle punido)
- to punish
Conjugation
Conjugation of the Portuguese -ir verb punir
| Notes:[edit] | ||||||
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) |
|
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | punir | |||||
| Personal | punir | punires | punir | punirmos | punirdes | punirem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| punindo | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | punido | punidos | ||||
| Feminine | punida | punidas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | puno | punes | pune | punimos | punis | punem |
| Imperfect | punia | punias | punia | puníamos | puníeis | puniam |
| Preterite | puni | puniste | puniu | punimos | punistes | puniram |
| Pluperfect | punira | puniras | punira | puníramos | puníreis | puniram |
| Future | punirei | punirás | punirá | puniremos | punireis | punirão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| puniria | punirias | puniria | puniríamos | puniríeis | puniriam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | puna | punas | puna | punamos | punais | punam |
| Imperfect | punisse | punisses | punisse | puníssemos | punísseis | punissem |
| Future | punir | punires | punir | punirmos | punirdes | punirem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | - | pune | puna | punamos | puni | punam |
| Negative (não) | - | punas | puna | punamos | punais | punam |
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.
Verb
punir (first-person singular present puno, first-person singular preterite puní, past participle punido)
- to punish
Conjugation
| infinitive | punir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | puniendo | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | punido | punida | |||||
| plural | punidos | punidas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes |
|
| present | puno | punestú punísvos |
pune | punimos | punís | punen | |
| imperfect | punía | punías | punía | puníamos | puníais | punían | |
| preterite | puní | puniste | punió | punimos | punisteis | punieron | |
| future | puniré | punirás | punirá | puniremos | puniréis | punirán | |
| conditional | puniría | punirías | puniría | puniríamos | puniríais | punirían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes |
|
| present | puna | punastú punásvos1 |
puna | punamos | punáis | punan | |
| imperfect (ra) |
puniera | punieras | puniera | puniéramos | punierais | punieran | |
| imperfect (se) |
puniese | punieses | puniese | puniésemos | punieseis | puniesen | |
| future | puniere | punieres | puniere | puniéremos | puniereis | punieren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
| affirmative | punetú punívos |
puna | punamos | punid | punan | ||
| negative | no punas | no puna | no punamos | no punáis | no punan | ||
1Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.