Definify.com
Webster 1913 Edition
Sin
Sin
,adv.
, prep.
, & conj.
Old form of
Since
. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Sin
that his lord was twenty year of age. Chaucer.
Sin
,Noun.
1.
Transgression of the law of God; disobedience of the divine command; any violation of God’s will, either in purpose or conduct; moral deficiency in the character; iniquity;
as,
. sins
of omission and sins
of commissionWhosoever committeth
sin
is the servant of sin
. John viii. 34.
Sin
is the transgression of the law. 1 John iii. 4.
I think 't no
To cozen him that would unjustly win.
sin
.To cozen him that would unjustly win.
Shakespeare
Enthralled
By
By
sin
to foul, exorbitant desires. Milton.
2.
An offense, in general; a violation of propriety; a misdemeanor;
as, a
. sin
against good mannersI grant that poetry's a crying
sin
. Pope.
3.
A sin offering; a sacrifice for sin.
He hath made him to be
sin
for us, who knew no sin. 2 Cor. v. 21.
4.
An embodiment of sin; a very wicked person.
[R.]
Thy ambition,
Thou scarlet
Of noble Buckingham.
Thou scarlet
sin
, robbed this bewailing landOf noble Buckingham.
Shakespeare
☞ Sin is used in the formation of some compound words of obvious signification; as, sin-born; sin-bred, sin-oppressed, sin-polluted, and the like.
Actual sin
, Canonical sins
, Original sin
, Venial sin
. Deadly sins
, or
Mortal sins
(R. C. Ch.)
, willful and deliberate transgressions, which take away divine grace; – in distinction from vental sins. The seven deadly sins are pride, covetousness, lust, wrath, gluttony, envy, and sloth.
– Sin eater
, a man who (according to a former practice in England) for a small gratuity ate a piece of bread laid on the chest of a dead person, whereby he was supposed to have taken the sins of the dead person upon himself.
– Sin offering
, a sacrifice for sin; something offered as an expiation for sin.
Syn. – Iniquity; wickedness; wrong. See
Crime
. Sin
,Verb.
I.
[
imp. & p. p.
Sinned
; p. pr. & vb. n.
Sinning
.] 1.
To depart voluntarily from the path of duty prescribed by God to man; to violate the divine law in any particular, by actual transgression or by the neglect or nonobservance of its injunctions; to violate any known rule of duty; – often followed by against.
Against thee, thee only, have I
sinned
. Ps. li. 4.
All have
sinned
, and come short of the glory of God. Rom. iii. 23.
2.
To violate human rights, law, or propriety; to commit an offense; to trespass; to transgress.
I am a man
More
More
sinned
against than sinning
. Shakespeare
Who but wishes to invert the laws
Of order,
Of order,
sins
against the eternal cause. Pope.
Webster 1828 Edition
Sin
SIN
, n.1.
The voluntary departure of a moral agent from a known rule of rectitude or duty, prescribed by God; any voluntary transgression of the divine law, or violation of a divine command; a wicked act; iniquity. Sin is either a positive act in which a known divine law is violated, or it is the voluntary neglect to obey a positive divine command, or a rule of duty clearly implied in such command. Sin comprehends not action only, but neglect of known duty, all evil thoughts purposes, words and desires, whatever is contrary to God's commands or law. 1 John 3. Matt. 15. James 4. Sinner neither enjoy the pleasures of nor the peace of piety. Among divines, sin is original or actual. Actual sin, above defined, is the act of a moral agent in violating a known rule of duty. Original sin, as generally understood, is native depravity of heart to the divine will, that corruption of nature of deterioration of the moral character of man, which is supposed to be the effect of Adam's apostasy; and which manifests itself in moral agents by positive act of disobedience to the divine will, or by the voluntary neglect to comply with the express commands of God, which require that we should love God with all the heart and soul and strength and mind, and our neighbor as ourselves. This native depravity or alienation of affections from God and his law, is supposed to be what the apostle calls the carnal mind or mindedness, which is enmity against God, and is therefore denominated sin or sinfulness. Unpardonable sin, or blasphemy against the Holy Spirit, is supposed to be a malicious and obstinate rejection of Christ and the gospel plan of salvation, or a contemptuous resistance made to the influences and convictions of the Holy Spirit. Matt.12.2.
A sin-offering; an offering made to atone for sin. He hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin. 2 Cor 5.3.
A man enormously wicked. [Not in use.]4.
Sin differs from crime, not in nature, but in application. That which is a crime against society, is sin against God.Definition 2024
Sín
Sín
See also: Appendix:Variations of "sin"
sín
sín
See also: Appendix:Variations of "sin"
Faroese
Pronoun
sín
- reflexive pronoun, 3rd person genitive
Declension
| Reflexive pronouns - Afturbent fornavn | |
| Singular (eintal), Plural (fleirtal) | 3. m, f, n |
| Nominative (hvørfall) | — |
| Accusative (hvønnfall) | seg |
| Dative (hvørjumfall) | sær |
| Genitive (hvørsfall) | sín |
References
- Höskuldur Thráinsson, Hjalmar P. Petersen, Jógvan í Lon Jacobsen, Zakaris Svabo Hansen: Faroese : An Overview and Reference Grammar. Tórshavn: Føroya Fróðskaparfelag, 2004 (p. 119 f., 325 ff.)
Pronoun
sín
- his, her, its, their; the third person possessive pronoun
Declension
| Possessive pronoun - ognarfornavn | |||
| Singular (eintal) | m | f | n |
| Nominative (hvørfall) | sín | sín | sítt |
| Accusative (hvønnfall) | sína | ||
| Dative (hvørjumfall) | sínum | síni / sínari | sínum |
| Genitive (hvørsfall) | (síns) | (sínar) | (síns) |
| Plural (fleirtal) | m | f | n |
| Nominative (hvørfall) | sínir | sínar | síni |
| Accusative (hvønnfall) | sínar | ||
| Dative (hvørjumfall) | sínum | ||
| Genitive (hvørsfall) | (sína) | ||
Hungarian
sín
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈʃiːn]
- Hyphenation: sín
Etymology 1
From German Schiene (“rail”).
Noun
sín (plural sínek)
Declension
| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | sín | sínek |
| accusative | sínt | síneket |
| dative | sínnek | síneknek |
| instrumental | sínnel | sínekkel |
| causal-final | sínért | sínekért |
| translative | sínné | sínekké |
| terminative | sínig | sínekig |
| essive-formal | sínként | sínekként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | sínben | sínekben |
| superessive | sínen | síneken |
| adessive | sínnél | síneknél |
| illative | sínbe | sínekbe |
| sublative | sínre | sínekre |
| allative | sínhez | sínekhez |
| elative | sínből | sínekből |
| delative | sínről | sínekről |
| ablative | síntől | sínektől |
| Possessive forms of sín | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | sínem | sínjeim |
| 2nd person sing. | síned | sínjeid |
| 3rd person sing. | sínje | sínjei |
| 1st person plural | sínünk | sínjeink |
| 2nd person plural | sínetek | sínjeitek |
| 3rd person plural | sínjük | sínjeik |
Etymology 2
Noun
sín
- superessive singular of sí
Icelandic
| Declension of the word sín | ||||||
| singular | plural | |||||
| indef | def | indef | def | |||
| nominative | - | - | - | - | ||
| accusative | sig, sik† | sig, sik† | sig, sik† | sig, sik† | ||
| dative | sér | sér | sér | sér | ||
| genitive | sín | sín | sín | sín | ||
Pronoun
sín
- genitive singular of sig
Derived terms
|
|
|
|
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃiːnʲ/
Etymology 1
From Middle Irish sínid, from Proto-Celtic *sīni-, from the same root as *sīros (“long”) (compare Old Irish sír, Welsh hir), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“late, long”) (compare Sanskrit साय (sāyá, “evening”), Latin sērus (“late”), Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌿 (seiþu, “evening”).
Verb
sín (present analytic síneann, future analytic sínfidh, verbal noun síneadh, past participle sínte)
Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
| singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
| indicative | present | sínim | síneann tú; sínir† |
síneann sé, sí | sínimid | síneann sibh | síneann siad; sínid† |
a shíneann; a shíneas / a síneann*; a síneas* |
síntear |
| past | shín mé; shíneas | shín tú; shínis | shín sé, sí | shíneamar; shín muid | shín sibh; shíneabhair | shín siad; shíneadar | a shín / ar shín* |
síneadh | |
| past habitual | shíninn | shínteá | shíneadh sé, sí | shínimis; shíneadh muid | shíneadh sibh | shínidís; shíneadh siad | a shíneadh / ar shíneadh* |
shíntí | |
| future | sínfidh mé; sínfead |
sínfidh tú; sínfir† |
sínfidh sé, sí | sínfimid; sínfidh muid |
sínfidh sibh | sínfidh siad; sínfid† |
a shínfidh; a shínfeas / a sínfidh*; a sínfeas* |
sínfear | |
| conditional | shínfinn | shínfeá | shínfeadh sé, sí | shínfimis; shínfeadh muid | shínfeadh sibh | shínfidís; shínfeadh siad | a shínfeadh / ar shínfeadh* |
shínfí | |
| subjunctive | present | go síne mé; go sínead† |
go síne tú; go sínir† |
go síne sé, sí | go sínimid; go síne muid |
go síne sibh | go síne siad; go sínid† |
— | go síntear |
| past | dá síninn | dá sínteá | dá síneadh sé, sí | dá sínimis; dá síneadh muid |
dá síneadh sibh | dá sínidís; dá síneadh siad |
— | dá síntí | |
| imperative | sínim | sín | síneadh sé, sí | sínimis | sínigí; sínidh† |
sínidís | — | síntear | |
| verbal noun | síneadh | ||||||||
| past participle | sínte | ||||||||
* Indirect relative
† Dialect form
Etymology 2
Noun
sín f
- (archaic, dialectal) dative singular of síon
Mutation
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| sín | shín after an, tsín |
unchanged |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, ISBN 978-90-04-17336-1, page 337
- “1 sínid (‘stretch out, extend’)” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
- “sínim” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1927, by Patrick S. Dinneen.
- "sín" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.