Manx

Alternative forms

• y

Article

yn

1. the

Related terms

• ny

References

• “1 in” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Middle Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ən/

Etymology 1

Particle

yn

1. grammatical particle used in conjunction with bot ‎(“to be”) to mark adjectival, nominal, or verbal complements
   • Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet:

     Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet a oed yn arglwyd ar seith cantref Dyuet.

     Pwyll Prince of Dyfed was lord of the seven cantrefs of Dyfed

2. grammatical particle used to change an adjective into an adverb

Etymology 2

From Proto-Brythonic *ɨn, from Proto-Celtic *eni.

Preposition

yn

1. in

Etymology 3

Alternative forms

• an

Determiner

yn

1. our

Descendants

• Welsh: ein

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ən]

Etymology 1

Particle

yn

1. grammatical particle used in conjunction with bod ‎(“to be”) to mark adjectival, nominal, or verbal complements

   Mae Tom yn darllen.‎

   Tom is reading.

   Mae Tom yn gysglyd.‎

   Tom is sleepy.

   Mae Tom yn fachgen.‎

   Tom is a boy.

2. grammatical particle used to change an adjective into an adverb

   yn dda‎ ― well

   yn fawr‎ ― greatly

   yn wir‎ ― truly

Usage notes

This particle causes the soft mutation in all letters but Rh and Ll in nouns and adjectives following it, but not in verbs. Thus in the above examples, cysglyd (an adjective meaning "sleepy") and bachgen (a noun meaning "boy") have been mutated to gysglyd and fachgen, but darllen (a verb meaning "to read") has not been mutated.

Alternative forms

• 'n (used after a vowel)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Brythonic *ɨn, from Proto-Celtic *eni.

Preposition

yn

1. in (definite nouns)

   Mae hi'n byw yng Nghaerdydd.‎

   She lives in Cardiff.

   Ydyn ni'n astudio yn y Brifysgol ym Mangor‎

   We're studying in the University in Bangor.

Alternative forms

• ym (used before m, mh)
• yng (used before ng, ngh)

Usage notes

• This preposition causes the nasal mutation. Before g and c it becomes yng, before p, b and sometimes m it becomes ym. In some areas the spoken language applies a soft mutation rather than a nasal one to the following word, but in written language the nasal is constant.
• Yn is used with definite nouns. Its equivalent for indefinite nouns is mewn.

Inflection

Related terms

• mewn

West Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian in, from Proto-Germanic *in, from Proto-Indo-European *en.

Preposition

yn

1. in
2. into