Albanian

Pronoun

ç'

1. (interrogative pronoun) Is used in front of a word to make direct or indirect questions for something that is unknown.

   Ç'po bënë?‎ ― What are you doing?

   Ç'është kjo?‎ ― What is this?

2. (interrogative pronoun) Is used as an interrogative word in front of nominative case or accusative case to ask about the type or feature of a being, thing, phenomenon replacing cili and çfarë.

   Ç'libër doni?‎ ― What kind of book do you want?

   Ç'kuptim ka?‎ ― What does that mean?

3. (interrogative pronoun) Is used to ask question about relationship between people replacing kush.

   Ç'e ke atë djalë?‎ ― How is that boy related to you?

4. (interrogative pronoun) Is used as vocative replacing çfarë. Is used as vocative that always gives us the negative answer nothing. Is used in vocative that show surprise or denial replacing gjithçka and çmos.

   Ç'gëzim i madh!‎ ― What a big joy!

   E ç'është ai?‎ ― And what is he?

   Ç'kam parë atje!‎ ― What I've seen there!

5. (relative pronoun) Is used to connect a dependant sentence replacing gjithçka.

   Ç’u tha, u bë.‎ ― Everything was said, got done.

6. (relative pronoun) As a relative pronoun replacing sa.

   Me ç'dukej.‎ ― As much as it looked like.

Particle

ç'

1. Is used in front of a word that shows surprise, happiness, joy, regret etc.

   Ç’u kënaqa!‎ ― What a joy!

2. Is used to show denial or contempt replacing mos.

   Ç’e pyet kot.‎ ― Don't ask him/her.

   Ç’e dëgjon atë.‎ ― Don't listen to him/her.

3. The short form for çfarë, çka.

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /s/

Pronoun

ç' m, f

1. (colloquial) Contraction of ça.
   • 1900, Revue Biblique Internationale, L’École pratique d’études bibliques, page 127,

     Ç’a été une de nos occupations aux Hautes Études, en hiver 1896-97, travail fructueux, s’il en est.

     This has been one of our occupations at High Studies, in winter 1896–97; fruitful work, as it were.

   • 1875 Alphonse Daudet, “La Dernière Classe” (“The Last Class”), in “Contes du lundi”,

     Et puis tu vois ce qui arrive... Ah ! ç’a été le grand malheur de notre Alsace de toujours remettre son instruction à demain.

     And then you see what happens... Ah! it’s been the great unhappiness of our Alsace to always put off its instruction until tomorrow.

Usage notes

• Ç' is used before the vowel /a/. In other cases use c' (e.g. c'est).