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Definition 2024
χαίρω
χαίρω
Ancient Greek
Verb
χαίρω • (khaírō)
- To be full of cheer, i.e. calmly happy or well off
- To enjoy [+dative = something], [+participle = doing something]
- (perfect) To be very glad; to enjoy [+dative = something], [+participle = doing something] a great deal
- 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 764–766
-
σὺ δ᾽ οὖν, ἐπειδὴ τοῦτο κεχάρηκας ποιῶν,
ἐκεῖσε μὲν μηκέτι βάδιζ᾽, ἀλλ᾽ ἐνθάδε
αὐτοῦ μένων δίκαζε τοῖσιν οἰκέταις.- Very well then, since you find so much pleasure in it,
go down there no more, but stay
here and deal out justice to your slaves.
- Very well then, since you find so much pleasure in it,
-
σὺ δ᾽ οὖν, ἐπειδὴ τοῦτο κεχάρηκας ποιῶν,
-
- (on meeting or parting, as an imperative) Be well; farewell, be glad, God speed, greetings, hail, joy(‐fully), rejoice (as a salutation)
Conjugation
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | χαίρω | χαίρεις | χαίρει | χαίρετον | χαίρετον | χαίρομεν | χαίρετε | χαίρουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | χαίρω | χαίρῃς | χαίρῃ | χαίρητον | χαίρητον | χαίρωμεν | χαίρητε | χαίρωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | χαίροιμῐ | χαίροις | χαίροι | χαίροιτον | χαιροίτην | χαίροιμεν | χαίροιτε | χαίροιεν | |||||
| imperative | χαῖρε | χαιρέτω | χαίρετον | χαιρέτων | χαίρετε | χαιρόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | χαίρομαι | χαίρῃ, χαίρει |
χαίρεται | χαίρεσθον | χαίρεσθον | χαιρόμεθᾰ | χαίρεσθε | χαίρονται | ||||
| subjunctive | χαίρωμαι | χαίρῃ | χαίρηται | χαίρησθον | χαίρησθον | χαιρώμεθᾰ | χαίρησθε | χαίρωνται | |||||
| optative | χαιροίμην | χαίροιο | χαίροιτο | χαίροισθον | χαιροίσθην | χαιροίμεθᾰ | χαίροισθε | χαίροιντο | |||||
| imperative | χαίρου | χαιρέσθω | χαίρεσθον | χαιρέσθων | χαίρεσθε | χαιρέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | χαίρειν | χαίρεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | χαίρων | χαιρόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | χαίρουσᾰ | χαιρομένη | |||||||||||
| n | χαῖρον | χαιρόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἔχαιρον, ἐχαιρόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔχαιρον | ἔχαιρες | ἔχαιρε(ν) | ἐχαίρετον | ἐχαιρέτην | ἐχαίρομεν | ἐχαίρετε | ἔχαιρον | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐχαιρόμην | ἐχαίρου | ἐχαίρετο | ἐχαίρεσθον | ἐχαιρέσθην | ἐχαιρόμεθᾰ | ἐχαίρεσθε | ἐχαίροντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἐχαίρησᾰ
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐχαίρησᾰ | ἐχαίρησᾰς | ἐχαίρησε(ν) | ἐχαιρήσᾰτον | ἐχαιρησᾰ́την | ἐχαιρήσᾰμεν | ἐχαιρήσᾰτε | ἐχαίρησᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | χαιρήσω | χαιρήσῃς | χαιρήσῃ | χαιρήσητον | χαιρήσητον | χαιρήσωμεν | χαιρήσητε | χαιρήσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | χαιρήσαιμῐ | χαιρήσειᾰς, χαιρήσαις |
χαιρήσειε(ν), χαιρήσαι |
χαιρήσαιτον | χαιρησαίτην | χαιρήσαιμεν | χαιρήσαιτε | χαιρήσειᾰν, χαιρήσαιεν |
|||||
| imperative | χαίρησον | χαιρησᾰ́τω | χαιρήσᾰτον | χαιρησᾰ́των | χαιρήσᾰτε | χαιρησᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | χαιρῆσαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | χαιρήσᾱς | |||||||||||
| f | χαιρήσᾱσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | χαιρῆσᾰν | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | χηρᾰ́μην | χήρω | χήρᾰτο | χήρᾰσθον | χηρᾰ́σθην | χηρᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ | χήρᾰσθε | χήρᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | χήρωμαι | χήρηαι | χήρηται | χήρησθον | χήρησθον | χηρώμε(σ)θᾰ | χήρησθε | χήρωνται | |||||
| optative | χηραίμην | χήραιο | χήραιτο | χήραισθον | χηραίσθην | χηραίμε(σ)θᾰ | χήραισθε | χηραίᾰτο | |||||
| imperative | χῆραι | χηρᾰ́σθω | χήρᾰσθον | χηρᾰ́σθων | χήρᾰσθε | χηρᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | χήρᾰσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | χηρᾰ́μενος | |||||||||||
| f | χηρᾰμένη | ||||||||||||
| n | χηρᾰ́μενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἐχᾰ́ρην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| passive | indicative | ἐχᾰ́ρην | ἐχᾰ́ρης | ἐχᾰ́ρη | ἐχᾰ́ρητον | ἐχᾰρήτην | ἐχᾰ́ρημεν | ἐχᾰ́ρητε | ἐχᾰ́ρησᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | χᾰρῶ | χᾰρῇς | χᾰρῇ | χᾰρῆτον | χᾰρῆτον | χᾰρῶμεν | χᾰρῆτε | χᾰρῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | χᾰρείην | χᾰρείης | χᾰρείη | χᾰρεῖτον, χᾰρείητον |
χᾰρείτην, χᾰρειήτην |
χᾰρεῖμεν, χᾰρείημεν |
χᾰρεῖτε, χᾰρείητε |
χᾰρεῖεν, χᾰρείησᾰν |
|||||
| imperative | χᾰ́ρηθῐ | χᾰρήτω | χᾰ́ρητον | χᾰρήτων | χᾰ́ρητε | χᾰρέντων | |||||||
| passive | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | χᾰρῆναι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | χᾰρείς | |||||||||||
| f | χᾰρεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | χᾰρέν | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Future: χαιρήσω
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | χαιρήσω | χαιρήσεις | χαιρήσει | χαιρήσετον | χαιρήσετον | χαιρήσομεν | χαιρήσετε | χαιρήσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | χαιρήσοιμῐ | χαιρήσοις | χαιρήσοι | χαιρήσοιτον | χαιρησοίτην | χαιρήσοιμεν | χαιρήσοιτε | χαιρήσοιεν | |||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | χαιρήσειν | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | χαιρήσων | |||||||||||
| f | χαιρήσουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | χαιρῆσον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Perfect: κεχᾰ́ρηκᾰ
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κεχᾰ́ρηκᾰ | κεχᾰ́ρηκᾰς | κεχᾰ́ρηκε(ν) | κεχᾰρήκᾰτον | κεχᾰρήκᾰτον | κεχᾰρήκᾰμεν | κεχᾰρήκᾰτε | κεχᾰρήκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | κεχᾰρήκω | κεχᾰρήκῃς | κεχᾰρήκῃ | κεχᾰρήκητον | κεχᾰρήκητον | κεχᾰρήκωμεν | κεχᾰρήκητε | κεχᾰρήκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κεχᾰρήκοιμῐ, κεχᾰρηκοίην |
κεχᾰρήκοις, κεχᾰρηκοίης |
κεχᾰρήκοι, κεχᾰρηκοίη |
κεχᾰρήκοιτον | κεχᾰρηκοίτην | κεχᾰρήκοιμεν | κεχᾰρήκοιτε | κεχᾰρήκοιεν | |||||
| imperative | κεχᾰ́ρηκε | κεχᾰρηκέτω | κεχᾰρήκετον | κεχᾰρηκέτων | κεχᾰρήκετε | κεχᾰρηκόντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | κεχᾰρηκέναι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | κεχᾰρηκώς | |||||||||||
| f | κεχᾰρηκυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | κεχᾰρηκός | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Derived terms
References
- χαίρω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- χαίρω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- χαίρω in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- «χαίρω» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- «χαίρω» in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- χαίρω in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- “G5463”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
Greek
Verb
χαίρω • (chaíro) (simple past —) (largely found in the expressions shown)
- be happy, be glad
- Χαίρε Μαρία ― Chaíre María ― Hail Mary
- χαίρετε ― chaírete ― hi, hello, greetings
- χαίρω πολύ ― chaíro polý ― pleased to meet you
- χαίρω καλής φήμης ― chaíro kalís fímis ― have a good reputation
- χαίρω μεγάλης εκτιμήσεως ― chaíro megális ektimíseos ― to hold in high esteem
- χαίρω άκρας υγείας ― chaíro ákras ygeías ― to enjoy good health
- χάρηκα πολύ ― chárika polý ― please to have met you
Synonyms
- χαίρομαι (chaíromai) (a deponent verb, but some sources imply that this is a passive form of χαίρω)
Related terms
- χαιρετώ (chairetó, “to say hello”)
- χαίρετε (chaírete, “hello, greetings”)
- χαίρω πολύ (chaíro polý, “pleased to meet you”)
- Χαίρε Μαρία (Chaíre María, “Hail Mary”)