Sanskrit
Adjective
चतुरङ्ग • (cátur-aṅga)
- having 4 limbs (or extremities) (RV. X, 92, 11, ŚBr. XII)
- RV 10.92.11
- ते हि दयावाप्र्थिवी भूरिरेतसा नराशंसश्चतुरङगोयमो.अदितिः |
- देवस्त्वष्टा दरविणोदा रभुक्षणः पररोदसी मरुतो विष्णुरर्हिरे ||
- te hi dyāvāpṛthivī bhūriretasā narāśaṃsaścaturaṅghoyamo.aditiḥ |
- devastvaṣṭā draviṇodā ṛbhukṣaṇaḥ prarodasī maruto viṣṇurarhire ||
- For these, the Earth and Heaven with their abundant seed, four-bodied Narāśaṁsa, Yama, Aditi,
- God Tvaṣṭar Wealth-bestower, the Ṛbhukṣaṇas, Rodasī, Maruts, Viṣṇu, claim and merit praise.
- (with बल (bala, “an army”)) comprising (4 parts, viz.) elephants, chariots, cavalry, and infantry (MBh. III, 790, R. II, 51, 7)
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of चतुरङ्ग |
|---|
| Nom. sg.
|
चतुरङगः (caturaṅagaḥ)
|
| Gen. sg.
|
चतुरङगस्य (caturaṅagasya)
|
| |
Singular |
Dual |
Plural |
| Nominative
|
चतुरङगः (caturaṅagaḥ)
|
चतुरङगौ (caturaṅagau)
|
चतुरङगाः (caturaṅagāḥ)
|
| Vocative
|
चतुरङग (caturaṅaga)
|
चतुरङगौ (caturaṅagau)
|
चतुरङगाः (caturaṅagāḥ)
|
| Accusative
|
चतुरङगम् (caturaṅagam)
|
चतुरङगौ (caturaṅagau)
|
चतुरङगान् (caturaṅagān)
|
| Instrumental
|
चतुरङगेण (caturaṅageṇa)
|
चतुरङगाभ्याम् (caturaṅagābhyām)
|
चतुरङगैः (caturaṅagaiḥ)
|
| Dative
|
चतुरङगाय (caturaṅagāya)
|
चतुरङगाभ्याम् (caturaṅagābhyām)
|
चतुरङगेभ्यः (caturaṅagebhyaḥ)
|
| Ablative
|
चतुरङगात् (caturaṅagāt)
|
चतुरङगाभ्याम् (caturaṅagābhyām)
|
चतुरङगेभ्यः (caturaṅagebhyaḥ)
|
| Genitive
|
चतुरङगस्य (caturaṅagasya)
|
चतुरङगयोः (caturaṅagayoḥ)
|
चतुरङगाणाम् (caturaṅagāṇām)
|
| Locative
|
चतुरङगे (caturaṅage)
|
चतुरङगयोः (caturaṅagayoḥ)
|
चतुरङगेषु (caturaṅageṣu)
|
| Feminine ā-stem declension of चतुरङ्ग |
|---|
| Nom. sg.
|
चतुरङगा (caturaṅagā)
|
| Gen. sg.
|
चतुरङगायाः (caturaṅagāyāḥ)
|
| |
Singular |
Dual |
Plural |
| Nominative
|
चतुरङगा (caturaṅagā)
|
चतुरङगे (caturaṅage)
|
चतुरङगाः (caturaṅagāḥ)
|
| Vocative
|
चतुरङगे (caturaṅage)
|
चतुरङगे (caturaṅage)
|
चतुरङगाः (caturaṅagāḥ)
|
| Accusative
|
चतुरङगाम् (caturaṅagām)
|
चतुरङगे (caturaṅage)
|
चतुरङगाः (caturaṅagāḥ)
|
| Instrumental
|
चतुरङगया (caturaṅagayā)
|
चतुरङगाभ्याम् (caturaṅagābhyām)
|
चतुरङगाभिः (caturaṅagābhiḥ)
|
| Dative
|
चतुरङगायै (caturaṅagāyai)
|
चतुरङगाभ्याम् (caturaṅagābhyām)
|
चतुरङगाभ्यः (caturaṅagābhyaḥ)
|
| Ablative
|
चतुरङगायाः (caturaṅagāyāḥ)
|
चतुरङगाभ्याम् (caturaṅagābhyām)
|
चतुरङगाभ्यः (caturaṅagābhyaḥ)
|
| Genitive
|
चतुरङगायाः (caturaṅagāyāḥ)
|
चतुरङगयोः (caturaṅagayoḥ)
|
चतुरङगाणाम् (caturaṅagāṇām)
|
| Locative
|
चतुरङगायाम् (caturaṅagāyām)
|
चतुरङगयोः (caturaṅagayoḥ)
|
चतुरङगासु (caturaṅagāsu)
|
| Neuter a-stem declension of चतुरङ्ग |
|---|
| Nom. sg.
|
चतुरङगम् (caturaṅagam)
|
| Gen. sg.
|
चतुरङगस्य (caturaṅagasya)
|
| |
Singular |
Dual |
Plural |
| Nominative
|
चतुरङगम् (caturaṅagam)
|
चतुरङगे (caturaṅage)
|
चतुरङगाणि (caturaṅagāṇi)
|
| Vocative
|
चतुरङग (caturaṅaga)
|
चतुरङगे (caturaṅage)
|
चतुरङगाणि (caturaṅagāṇi)
|
| Accusative
|
चतुरङगम् (caturaṅagam)
|
चतुरङगे (caturaṅage)
|
चतुरङगाणि (caturaṅagāṇi)
|
| Instrumental
|
चतुरङगेण (caturaṅageṇa)
|
चतुरङगाभ्याम् (caturaṅagābhyām)
|
चतुरङगैः (caturaṅagaiḥ)
|
| Dative
|
चतुरङगा (caturaṅagā)
|
चतुरङगाभ्याम् (caturaṅagābhyām)
|
चतुरङगेभ्यः (caturaṅagebhyaḥ)
|
| Ablative
|
चतुरङगात् (caturaṅagāt)
|
चतुरङगाभ्याम् (caturaṅagābhyām)
|
चतुरङगेभ्यः (caturaṅagebhyaḥ)
|
| Genitive
|
चतुरङगस्य (caturaṅagasya)
|
चतुरङगयोः (caturaṅagayoḥ)
|
चतुरङगाणाम् (caturaṅagāṇām)
|
| Locative
|
चतुरङगे (caturaṅage)
|
चतुरङगयोः (caturaṅagayoḥ)
|
चतुरङगेषु (caturaṅageṣu)
|
Noun
चतुरङ्ग • (cátur-aṅga) m
- Cucumis utilissimus (?) (L.)
- name of a son of रोमपाद (roma-pāda) or लोमपाद (loma-pāda) (Hariv. 1697 f., BhP. IX, 23, 10)
- (scil. बल (bala)) = चतुरङ्गबल (cátur-aṅga-bala) (AV., Pariś. ??, MBh. IX, 446)
- (chess) a kind of chess (played by 4 parties) (Tithyād.)
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of चतुरङ्ग |
|---|
| Nom. sg.
|
चतुरङगः (caturaṅagaḥ)
|
| Gen. sg.
|
चतुरङगस्य (caturaṅagasya)
|
| |
Singular |
Dual |
Plural |
| Nominative
|
चतुरङगः (caturaṅagaḥ)
|
चतुरङगौ (caturaṅagau)
|
चतुरङगाः (caturaṅagāḥ)
|
| Vocative
|
चतुरङग (caturaṅaga)
|
चतुरङगौ (caturaṅagau)
|
चतुरङगाः (caturaṅagāḥ)
|
| Accusative
|
चतुरङगम् (caturaṅagam)
|
चतुरङगौ (caturaṅagau)
|
चतुरङगान् (caturaṅagān)
|
| Instrumental
|
चतुरङगेण (caturaṅageṇa)
|
चतुरङगाभ्याम् (caturaṅagābhyām)
|
चतुरङगैः (caturaṅagaiḥ)
|
| Dative
|
चतुरङगाय (caturaṅagāya)
|
चतुरङगाभ्याम् (caturaṅagābhyām)
|
चतुरङगेभ्यः (caturaṅagebhyaḥ)
|
| Ablative
|
चतुरङगात् (caturaṅagāt)
|
चतुरङगाभ्याम् (caturaṅagābhyām)
|
चतुरङगेभ्यः (caturaṅagebhyaḥ)
|
| Genitive
|
चतुरङगस्य (caturaṅagasya)
|
चतुरङगयोः (caturaṅagayoḥ)
|
चतुरङगाणाम् (caturaṅagāṇām)
|
| Locative
|
चतुरङगे (caturaṅage)
|
चतुरङगयोः (caturaṅagayoḥ)
|
चतुरङगेषु (caturaṅageṣu)
|
Descendants
- Malay: catur
- Middle Persian: ctlng (čatrang)
- Persian: شترنگ (šatrang)
- > Arabic: شطرنج (šaṭranj)
- > Persian: شطرنج (šatranj)
- > Ottoman Turkish: شطرنج (şatranc)
- > Georgian: ჭადრაკი (č̣adraḳi)
- > Old Armenian: ճատրակ (čatrak)
References
- Sir Monier Monier-Williams (1898) A Sanskrit-English dictionary etymologically and philologically arranged with special reference to cognate Indo-European languages, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 0384