Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• Ἠώς ‎(Ēṓs) (Homeric, Ionic)
• Αὔως ‎(Aúōs) (Aeolic)

Proper noun

Ἕως • ‎(Héōs) f ‎(genitive Ἕω); third declension

1. Eos

Inflection

Descendants

• Greek: Ήως ‎(Íos)
• Latin: Eos

References

• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English-Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,003

Ancient Greek

Noun

ἕως • ‎(héōs) f ‎(genitive ἑοῦς); third declension

1. Attic form of ἠώς ‎(ēṓs)
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.7.1

     ἐδόκει γὰρ εἰς τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν ἕω ἥξειν βασιλέα σὺν τῷ στρατεύματι μαχούμενον

     For he thought that at the next dawn the king would come with his army to fight.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂wot. Cognates include Sanskrit यावत् ‎(yāvat).

Alternative forms

• εἵως ‎(heíōs), εἷος ‎(heîos) Epic
• ἇς ‎(hâs) Doric

Particle

ἕως • ‎(héōs)

1. (relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)
   1. until, till
      1. (as a temporal conjunction)
         1. (with indicative) of a fact in past time
            • Homer, Iliad 11.342, (compare Odyssey 5.123)
            • Sophocles, Fragments 225, (compare Aeschylus, The Persians 428.464)
            • Plato, Gorgias 506.B, (compare Cratylus 396.C)
         2. (with subjunctive, relating to an uncertain event in the future)
            • Homer, Iliad 3.291, (compare 24.183)
            • Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 810
            • Sophocles, Ajax 555
            • Sophocles, Women of Trachis 147
            • Sophocles, Philoctetes 764
         3. (with optative, relating to an uncertain event in the past)
            • Homer, Odyssey 5.386, (compare 9.376)
            • Aristophanes, The Frogs 766
            • Plato, Phaedo 59.D
            • Homer, Odyssey 2.78
            • Plato, Phaedo 101.D, (compare Sophocles, Women of Trachis 687)
            • Homer, Odyssey 5.386
            • Homer, Odyssey 4.800
            • Homer, Odyssey 19.367
         4. (with infinitive, only in late authors)
            • Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Antiquitates Romanae
      2. (with single words, mostly of adverbs of time)
         • Xenophon, Cyropaedia 5.1.25
         • Herodotus, Histories 2.143
         • The Gospel of Matthew 1.24
         • Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.108
         • New Testament, First Epistle of John 2.9
         • The Gospel of Luke 23.5
         1. (with a preposition)
            • Palatine Anthology 5.201
            • Polybius, The Histories 1.11.14
   2. (mostly at the beginning of a verse in Homer) while, as long as
      • Homer, Odyssey 13.315, (compare 17.358)
      • Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 1026
      • Aeschylus, The Persians 710
      • Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.40
      • Homer, Odyssey 4.90
      • Homer, Odyssey 12.328
      • Homer, Iliad 18.15
      • Homer, Iliad 10.507
      • Homer, Iliad 20.41
      • Homer, Iliad 1.193
      • Homer, Odyssey 4.120
      1. (in Attic, with subjunctive)
         • Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1435
         • Plato, Phaedo 85.B
      2. (with optative, in case of repeated action)
         • Plato, Theaetetus 155.A
2. (in Homer, demonstrative) for a time
   • Homer, Iliad 12.142
   • Homer, Iliad 13.143
   • Homer, Iliad 15.277
   • Homer, Odyssey 2.148
   • Homer, Odyssey 3.126

References

• ἕως in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἕως in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἕως in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• «ἕως» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• «ἕως» in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “G2193”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English-Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • Aurora idem, page 1003.
  • dawn idem, page 197.
  • east idem, page 259.
  • long idem, page 498.
  • morning idem, page 541.
  • till idem, page 874.
  • while idem, page 976.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill