Definify.com
Definition 2024
保障
保障
Chinese
to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee; to maintain; hold or keep; to guard
|
to block; to hinder; to obstruct | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
simp. and trad. (保障) |
保 | 障 | |
Noun
保障
Verb
保障
Derived terms
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 保 | 障 |
|
ほ Grade: 5 |
しょう Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi | |
Noun
保障 (hiragana ほしょう, romaji hoshō)
Verb
保障する (hiragana ほしょうする, romaji hoshō suru)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "保障する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 保障し | ほしょうし | hoshō shi | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 保障し | ほしょうし | hoshō shi | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 保障する | ほしょうする | hoshō suru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 保障する | ほしょうする | hoshō suru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 保障すれ | ほしょうすれ | hoshō sure | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 保障せよ¹ 保障しろ² |
ほしょうせよ¹ ほしょうしろ² |
hoshō seyo¹ hoshō shiro² |
|
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 保障される | ほしょうされる | hoshō sareru | |
| Causative | 保障させる 保障さす |
ほしょうさせる ほしょうさす |
hoshō saseru hoshō sasu |
|
| Potential | 保障できる | ほしょうできる | hoshō dekiru | |
| Volitional | 保障しよう | ほしょうしよう | hoshō shiyō | |
| Negative | 保障しない | ほしょうしない | hoshō shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 保障せず | ほしょうせず | hoshō sezu | |
| Formal | 保障します | ほしょうします | hoshō shimasu | |
| Perfective | 保障した | ほしょうした | hoshō shita | |
| Conjunctive | 保障して | ほしょうして | hoshō shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 保障すれば | ほしょうすれば | hoshō sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
Etymology
Reborrowing from Japanese 保障 (hoshō).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): bou2 zoeng3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pó-chông
- Min Nan (POJ): pó-chiòng / pó-chiong / pó-chiàng
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ ㄓㄤˋ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baojanq
- IPA (key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
-
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: bou2 zoeng3
- Yale: bóu jeung
- Cantonese Pinyin: bou2 dzoeng3
- IPA (key): /pou̯³⁵ t͡ɕœːŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó-chông
- Hakka Romanization System: bo` zong´
- Hagfa Pinyim: bo3 zong1
- IPA: /po³¹ t͡soŋ²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-chiòng
- Tâi-lô: pó-tsiòng
- Phofsit Daibuun: poycioxng
- IPA (Xiamen): /pɤ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-chiong
- Tâi-lô: pó-tsiong
- Phofsit Daibuun: poyciofng
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pɤ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ³³/
- IPA (Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-chiàng
- Tâi-lô: pó-tsiàng
- Phofsit Daibuun: poyciaxng
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɤ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiaŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)