Russian

Suffix

-лый • ‎(-lyj)

1. Suffixed used to form adjectives, usually qualitative, from nouns.

   круг ‎(krug, “circle”) → кру́глый ‎(krúglyj, “round”) (short forms c')

   хрип ‎(xrip, “wheeze”) → хри́плый ‎(xríplyj, “hoarse”) (short forms а')

   пух ‎(pux, “fluff, originally breath”) → пу́хлый ‎(púxlyj, “swollen, plump”) (short forms c)

Declension

Usage notes

Adjectives with this suffix have short forms of varying classes.

Suffix

-лый • ‎(-lyj)

1. Suffixed used to form adjectives from (normally intransitive) verbs with the meaning "having X'ed".

   горе́ть ‎(gorétʹ, “to burn (intransitive)”) → горе́лый ‎(gorélyj, “burnt”)

   блёкнуть ‎(bljóknutʹ, “to fade”) → блёклый ‎(bljóklyj, “faded”)

   пре- ‎(pre-) + старе́ть ‎(starétʹ, “to become old”) → престаре́лый ‎(prestarélyj, “aged”)

Declension

Usage notes

Adjectives with this suffix have no short forms. Short forms do theoretically exist and will be of class a (-л, -ла, -ло, -лы), but are usually avoided due to their similarity to past-tense forms of the underlying verb.

See also

• -аный ‎(-anyj), -ёный ‎(-jónyj), -еный ‎(-enyj) (used to form passive adjectives from transitive verbs)