Esperanto

Suffix

-io

1. a country named after the root, whether that is a people, person, city, or river

   japano ‎(“a Japanese person”) + ‎-io → ‎Japanio ‎(“Japan”)

   Kolumbo ‎(“Columbus”) + ‎-io → ‎Kolumbio ‎(“Columbia”)

   Romo ‎(“Rome”) + ‎-io → ‎Romio ‎(“the Roman Empire”)

   Niĝero ‎(“the Niger River”) + ‎-io → ‎Niĝerio ‎(“Nigeria”)

   Esperanto ‎(“the Esperanto language”) + ‎-io → ‎Esperantio ‎(“a notional Esperanto-speaking land”)

2. a science named after its practitioner

   astronomo ‎(“astronomer”) + ‎-io → ‎astronomio ‎(“astronomy”)

   biologo ‎(“biologist”) + ‎-io → ‎biologio ‎(“biology”)

   kirurgo ‎(“surgeon”) + ‎-io → ‎kirurgio ‎(“surgery (branch of medicine)”)

Synonyms

• (country): -ujo for countries named after their inhabitants: Anglujo ‎(“England”) (archaic)
• (country): lando is also sometimes used for countries named after inhabitants: Svedlando = Svedio ‎(“Sweden”)
• (science): scienco is used like a suffix with root words to form names of some sciences: vulkanoscienco = vulkanologio ‎(“volcanology”)

Derived terms

Finnish

Suffix

-io ‎(front vowel harmony variant -iö)

1. Forms nouns from verbs or verbal stems.

   itää ‎(“to sprout”) + ‎-io → ‎itiö ‎(“spore (of e.g. mushroom, moss)”)

   valita ‎(“to choose”) + ‎-io → ‎valio ‎(“elite, select”)

2. Forms nouns from other nouns, adjectives, numbers or their stems.

   yksi ‎(“one”) + ‎-io → ‎yksiö ‎(“a one-room apartment”)

   kolme ‎(“three”) + ‎-io → ‎kolmio ‎(“a triangle; a yield sign”)

   neljä ‎(“four”) + ‎-io → ‎neliö ‎(“a square”); shorter form for a square meter

Declension

Derived terms

Ido

Etymology

Borrowing from English -ia, French -ie, Italian -ia, Russian -ия ‎(-ija), Spanish -ia, ultimately from Latin -ia, from Ancient Greek -ία ‎(-ía).

Suffix

-io

1. suffix denoting the country, region, domain, territory or province dependent upon the authority of a person

   duko ‎(“duke; duchess”) + ‎-io → ‎dukio ‎(“duchy”)

   episkopo ‎(“bishop”) + ‎-io → ‎episkopio ‎(“bishopric, diocese, episcopate”)

   paroko ‎(“parish priest, rector”) + ‎-io → ‎parokio ‎(“parish”)

   rejo ‎(“sovereign, ruler, king, queen, monarch”) + ‎-io → ‎rejio ‎(“kingdom”)

Usage notes

A common but false misconception is that countries that end with -ia in Ido, for example Albania, uses this suffix when in fact it's part of the root itself. Though, -io at times can help shape country names to fit; Mexikia uses the extra i so not to be confused with Mexiko ‎(“Mexico City”) at the same time resembling other country names.

Derived terms

Italian

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.o/, [ˈiːo]
• Stress: -ìo

Etymology 1

Unknown. Perhaps from Latin -ērium.

Suffix

-io m ‎(plural -ii)

1. Used to derive adjectives from verbs with durative, intensive or frequentative connotation; -le

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Latin -īvus.

Suffix

-io m ‎(plural -ii)

1. Alternative form of -ivo

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /jo/, [jo]

Etymology 1

From Latin -ium.

Suffix

-io m

1. Forms the name of chemical elements; -ium

Latin

Etymology

Suffix -ō on i-stems.

Suffix

-iō f ‎(genitive -iōnis); third declension

1. Used to form abstract nouns from verbs.

Usage notes

The suffix -iō is added to a verb to create a third-declension feminine abstract noun.

Examples:

legiō, from legō

regiō, from regō

Derived terms

References

• Andrew L. Sihler (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, New York, Oxford, Oxford University Press

Old Spanish

Etymology

From Latin -ium, from the adjectival suffix -ius.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈ-i.o]

Suffix

-io

1.  (added to nouns) A suffix forming abstract nouns.

   sennor ‎(“lord, master”) + ‎-io → ‎sennorio ‎(“dominion, jurisdiction”)

Derived terms

Descendants

• Spanish: -ío

Spanish

Etymology

From New Latin -ium, from Latin -um, based on Latin terms for metals, such as ferrum ‎(“iron”).

Suffix

-io m

1. -ium

Derived terms

Welsh

Suffix

-io

1. Suffix used to form verbal nouns.

Derived terms