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Definition 2024

Acht

See also: acht, ächt, åcht, and -acht

German

Noun

Acht f ‎(genitive Acht, plural Achten)

the natural number eight
the numeral sign 8
a playing card with the value eight
a figure eight shape; a bicycle wheel bent out of shape

Declension

Declension of Acht

	singular			plural
	indef.	def.	noun	def.	noun
nominative	eine	die	Acht	die	Achten
genitive	einer	der	Acht	der	Achten
dative	einer	der	Acht	den	Achten
accusative	eine	die	Acht	die	Achten

Etymology 2

From Old High German ahta. Obsolete but found in toponyms.

Noun

Acht f ‎(genitive Acht, plural Achten)

field

Synonyms

Acker

Etymology 3

From Old High German ahta. Verbal abstract of achten. Cognate with Dutch acht ‎(“attention, regard, heed”), English aught ‎(“estimation, esteem”).

Noun

Acht f ‎(genitive Acht, no plural)

attention, regard

Derived terms

Etymology 4

From Middle High German āhte, from Old High German āhta, from Proto-Germanic *anhtō ‎(“persecution”). Cognate with Old English ōht ‎(“persecution, enmity”).

Noun

Acht f ‎(genitive Acht, no plural)

ban, banishment, outlawry

Derived terms

Reichsacht "imperial ban"

Related terms

ächten

References

Grimm, Deutsches Wörterbuch.

acht

See also: Acht, ächt, åcht, and -acht

Alemannic German

Numeral

acht

(cardinal) eight

Dutch

Pronunciation

Rhymes: -ɑxt
IPA^(key): /ɑxt/

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch achte, acht, from Old Dutch ahto, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw. Compare German acht, English eight, Danish otte, Swedish åtta, Greek οκτώ ‎(októ), Latin octō.

Numeral

**Dutch cardinal numbers**
< 7	8	9 >
Cardinal : acht Ordinal : achtste

acht

(cardinal) eight

Derived terms

achthoek

Descendants

Afrikaans: agt

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch achte, from Old Dutch *ahta, from Proto-Germanic *ahtō.

Noun

acht f ‎(uncountable)

attention, heed

Derived terms

achten

Descendants

Afrikaans: ag

Verb

acht

first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of achten
imperative of achten

Anagrams

chat

Dutch Low Saxon

Etymology

From Old Saxon ahto, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu. Cognate to German Low German acht, German acht, Dutch acht.

Numeral

acht

(in many (all?) dialects) eight (8)

German

**German cardinal numbers**
< 7	8	9 >
Cardinal : acht Ordinal : achte

Etymology

From Old High German ahto, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw. Compare Dutch acht, English eight, Danish otte, Swedish åtta, Greek οκτώ ‎(októ), Latin octō.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [aχt]

Numeral

acht

(cardinal) eight

Related terms

Coordinate terms

Cardinal numbers from 0 till 99

	—0	—1	—2	—3	—4	—5	—6	—7	—8	—9
0—	null	eins	zwei	drei	vier	fünf	sechs	sieben	acht	neun
1—	zehn	elf	zwölf	dreizehn	vierzehn	fünfzehn (fuffzehn)	sechzehn	siebzehn (siebenzehn)	achtzehn	neunzehn
2—	zwanzig	einundzwanzig	zweiundzwanzig	dreiundzwanzig	vierundzwanzig	fünfundzwanzig	sechsundzwanzig	siebenundzwanzig	achtundzwanzig	neunundzwanzig
3—	dreißig	einunddreißig	zweiunddreißig	dreiunddreißig	vierunddreißig	fünfunddreißig	sechsunddreißig	siebenunddreißig	achtunddreißig	neununddreißig
4—	vierzig	einundvierzig	zweiundvierzig	dreiundvierzig	vierundvierzig	fünfundvierzig	sechsundvierzig	siebenundvierzig	achtundvierzig	neunundvierzig
5—	fünfzig (fuffzig)	einundfünfzig	zweiundfünfzig	dreiundfünfzig	vierundfünfzig	fünfundfünfzig	sechsundfünfzig	siebenundfünfzig	achtundfünfzig	neunundfünfzig
6—	sechzig	einundsechzig	zweiundsechzig	dreiundsechzig	vierundsechzig	fünfundsechzig	sechsundsechzig	siebenundsechzig	achtundsechzig	neunundsechzig
7—	siebzig (siebenzig)	einundsiebzig	zweiundsiebzig	dreiundsiebzig	vierundsiebzig	fünfundsiebzig	sechsundsiebzig	siebenundsiebzig	achtundsiebzig	neunundsiebzig
8—	achtzig	einundachtzig	zweiundachtzig	dreiundachtzig	vierundachtzig	fünfundachtzig	sechsundachtzig	siebenundachtzig	achtundachtzig	neunundachtzig
9—	neunzig	einundneunzig	zweiundneunzig	dreiundneunzig	vierundneunzig	fünfundneunzig	sechsundneunzig	siebenundneunzig	achtundneunzig	neunundneunzig

Cardinal numbers from 100 onward

100: hundert, einhundert
10³: tausend, eintausend
10⁴: (Myriade)
10⁶: Million (tausendmaltausend, tausendtausend)
10⁹: Milliarde
10¹²: Billion
10¹⁸: Trillion
10²⁴: Quadrillion
10³⁰: Quintillion
10³⁶: Sextillion
10⁴²: Septillion
10⁴⁸: Oktillion
10⁵⁴: Nonillion
10⁶⁰: Dezillion
10⁶⁶: Undezillion

…

10¹²⁰: Vigintillion
10¹²³: Vigintilliarde

…

German Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon ahto, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu. Cognate to Dutch Low Saxon acht, German acht, Dutch acht.

Numeral

acht

(in many dialects, including Low Prussian and Plautdietsch) eight (8)

References

Der neue SASS: Plattdeutsches Wörterbuch, Plattdeutsch - Hochdeutsch, Hochdeutsch - Plattdeutsch. Plattdeutsche Rechtschreibung, sixth revised edition (2011, ISBN 978-3-529-03000-0, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster)

Irish

Etymology 1

Borrowing from English act, from Latin āctus.

Pronunciation

(Munster) IPA^(key): /ɑxt̪ˠ/
(Connacht, Ulster) IPA^(key): /axt̪ˠ/

Noun

acht m ‎(genitive singular achta, nominative plural achtanna)

Declension

Declension of acht

Third declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	acht	achtanna
Vocative	a acht	a achtanna
Genitive	achta	achtanna
Dative	acht	achtanna

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an t-acht	na hachtanna
Genitive	an achta	na n-achtanna
Dative	leis an acht don acht	leis na hachtanna

Etymology 2

From Old Irish acht.

Pronunciation

(Munster) IPA^(key): /ɑx/
(Connacht, Ulster) IPA^(key): /ax/

Conjunction

acht

Obsolete spelling of ach ‎(“but”)

Preposition

acht ‎(plus nominative, triggers no mutation)

Obsolete spelling of ach ‎(“except, but”)

Adverb

acht

Obsolete spelling of ach ‎(“but, only, merely”)

Etymology 3

Likely from etymology 2.

Pronunciation

(Munster) IPA^(key): /ɑxt̪ˠ/
(Connacht, Ulster) IPA^(key): /axt̪ˠ/

Noun

acht m ‎(genitive singular achta)

doubt, uncertainty

Declension

Declension of acht

Third declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case	Singular
Nominative	acht
Vocative	a acht
Genitive	achta
Dative	acht

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular
Nominative	an t-acht
Genitive	an achta
Dative	leis an acht don acht

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
acht	n-acht	hacht	t-acht
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

"acht" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
“6 acht (‘decree, edict’)” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
“1 acht (‘but, except’)” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
“3 acht (‘stipulation, condition’)” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
“4 acht (‘doubt’)” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Middle Dutch

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /axt/

Numeral

acht

Alternative form of achte

Old Irish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /axt/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *extos ‎(“except, but”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰsto- ‎(“out”), from *h₁eǵʰs. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐκτός ‎(ektós, “outside”).

Conjunction

acht

but
provided (that) (followed by ro- and the subjunctive mood of the verb)

Descendants

Irish: ach
Manx: agh
Scottish Gaelic: ach

Etymology 2

Inflected form of aigid.

Verb

·acht

third-person singular preterite conjunct of aigid
passive singular preterite conjunct of aigid

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
·acht	unchanged	·n-acht
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

“1 acht (‘but, except’)” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

West Frisian

**West Frisian cardinal numbers**
< 7	8	9 >
Cardinal : acht

Etymology

From Old Frisian achta, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

Numeral

acht

(cardinal) eight

Noun

acht ? ‎(plural achten)

eight

Zipser German

Numeral

acht

Alternative form of åcht